2024 US Election and The Fate of $1.2 Trillion Climate and Clean Energy Policy

Jennifer L
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0
2024 US Election and The Fate of $1.2 Trillion Climate and Clean Energy Policy

The upcoming 2024 US election will have significant implications for the country’s climate and energy policies. While the federal government’s stance on clean energy might see changes depending on who takes office, state-level elections could also influence how much progress is made toward the country’s climate goals. 

As both Democrats and Republicans gear up for the election, their different approaches to clean energy and climate initiatives highlight how the nation’s renewable energy future could unfold.

Federal Climate Policy: The Role of the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA)

President Joe Biden’s administration made a significant impact on US climate policy by introducing the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA). It is a $1.2 trillion law aimed at bolstering clean energy and reducing carbon emissions. The future of this policy could vary significantly depending on the results of the presidential election in November 2024. 

If Vice President Kamala Harris takes the White House, experts predict a continuation of the Biden administration’s focus on implementing and defending the IRA. This would include further efforts to:

  • promote clean energy incentives, 
  • support infrastructure projects, and 
  • ensure that businesses and communities benefit from the law’s financial provisions.

However, if Donald Trump wins the presidency, the IRA could face significant challenges. A Trump-led administration might attempt to reduce or eliminate some of the IRA’s key climate provisions. It may potentially reallocate funds to other priorities, such as extending Trump-era tax cuts. 

However, experts believe a full repeal of the IRA is highly unlikely, even if Republicans gain control of both the House and Senate. The GOP may instead focus on modifying parts of the IRA, such as the $7,500 electric vehicle tax credit, which has been a target for criticism by Republican lawmakers.

Experts predict that, regardless of who wins the presidency, there will be efforts to address critical issues such as mineral supply chains. These are essential for the production of clean energy technologies like batteries and electric vehicles.

A narrowly divided Congress, coupled with slim majorities, would make it difficult for either party to implement sweeping changes to energy policy. Instead, smaller legislative actions, such as incentives for critical mineral production or investments in infrastructure for clean energy, are more likely to gain bipartisan support.

US climate law, projected election outcome likelihood

What a Harris Administration Could Mean for Clean Energy

If Kamala Harris wins the presidency, her administration will likely continue Biden’s focus on implementing the IRA’s provisions while addressing broader fiscal issues such as the national debt and tax policy. In this scenario, there would be a strong emphasis on capital formation, community engagement, and workforce development in clean energy sectors. 

The Department of Energy (DOE), which has transitioned from a primarily research-focused agency to one responsible for deploying clean energy technologies, would play a critical role in Harris’ energy policy.

However, a Harris administration would likely face challenges in advancing new energy legislation, even if the Democrats secure slim majorities in Congress. As Mary Anne Sullivan, senior regulatory counsel at Hogan Lovells, suggests, sweeping new climate policies are unlikely to be Harris’ top priority. Instead, Democrats would likely concentrate on defending and optimizing the IRA rather than pursuing significant new initiatives.

Trump Administration’s Potential Approach to Energy Policy

If Donald Trump returns to the White House, his administration would likely target the IRA for modifications. This is especially true in the case of provisions related to clean energy tax incentives and electric vehicles. 

However, wholesale repeal of the law remains improbable due to political and economic constraints. Republican lawmakers have already expressed caution about dismantling the IRA too aggressively, given the law’s role in spurring private sector investment in energy projects.

Additionally, a second Trump administration could adopt a more aggressive stance on mineral extraction, particularly for resources critical to clean energy technologies like lithium, cobalt, and rare earth elements. This focus on domestic resource extraction aligns with the GOP’s broader strategy to boost energy independence and reduce reliance on foreign minerals.

A survey by Climate Power and Data for Progress shows Vice President Kamala Harris leading former President Donald Trump on climate and energy issues. This difference is especially significant among young voters, who are likely to be pivotal in the upcoming presidential election, highlighting the candidates’ contrasting approaches to these key issues.

Harris platform on energy and climate policy is better than trump

State-Level Elections: A Key Driver for Clean Energy Progress

While much attention is focused on the federal election, state-level elections will play an equally crucial role in determining the trajectory of US climate policy. The 2024 election is expected to be one of the largest in US history for state legislative races. It will have over 6,000 seats up for grabs. 

Many of these states have renewable portfolio standards (RPS) or net-zero emission goals, which are often closely tied to which party controls the state legislature and governorship.

States with Democratic trifectas—where the party controls both legislative chambers and the governorship—are more likely to advance clean energy initiatives. These include raising renewable energy targets and passing new climate legislation. 

However, states controlled by Republican trifectas tend to leave decisions about energy generation to utility companies and market forces, often leading to slower progress on clean energy goals.

Key States to Watch

Several states are expected to see potential shifts in political control, which could significantly impact their clean energy policies. These include New Hampshire, North Carolina, Vermont, and Wisconsin. 

states to watch for clean energy policy shifts

New Hampshire’s Republican-controlled legislature has slowed clean energy development, but a political shift could push for stronger renewable targets. In North Carolina, the governor’s race could impact the state’s 2050 carbon-neutral goal. Vermont’s 100% RPS by 2035 might face challenges if its Democratic supermajority weakens, while Wisconsin’s redistricting could reduce Republican dominance over energy policies.

A Pivotal Moment for US Climate Policy

Regardless of the election outcome, the transition to clean energy is likely to continue, driven by market forces, private sector investments, and bipartisan support for critical mineral production. However, the pace and scale of that transition will be heavily influenced by the results of federal and state elections. Thus, this election will be a pivotal moment for US climate policy.

Tata’s $11 Billion Leap: India’s First Semiconductor Fab in Partnership with Taiwan’s PSMC

Saptakee S
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0
Tata’s $11 Billion Leap: India’s First Semiconductor Fab in Partnership with Taiwan’s PSMC

Tata Electronics, a subsidiary of Tata Sons Pvt. Ltd., is setting a new standard in India’s tech landscape with a massive $11 billion investment. This ambitious move will establish the country’s first semiconductor fabrication plant in Dholera, Gujarat, in partnership with Taiwan-based semiconductor company Powerchip Semiconductor Manufacturing Corporation (PSMC). The agreement is a crucial step toward creating a robust semiconductor ecosystem in India, positioning the nation as a rising player in the global chip market.

Unlocking Tata’s Massive Semiconductor Production Plan

Tata’s investment of INR 91,000 crores (~US$11 billion) marks a pivotal moment in India’s industrial development. The new semiconductor fab in Dholera will have the capacity to manufacture up to 50,000 wafers monthly. It will incorporate advanced automation technologies powered by artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning, and data analytics to maximize efficiency.

N Chandrasekaran, Chairman of Tata Sons, stated,

“We are pleased to partner with PSMC, whose technology and expertise will significantly accelerate our roadmap to pioneer semiconductor manufacturing in India. This collaboration is a key milestone. I am confident that our comprehensive technology partnership with PSMC will pave the way for innovation, drive growth, and strengthen the global semiconductor supply chain. It will position us to play a key role in the growing semiconductor market to serve global customers.”

Notably, PSMC will contribute to design expertise, construction, and technology transfer. This collaboration ensures that India will soon be home to a cutting-edge semiconductor facility catering to the growing demands of AI, automotive, wireless communication, and computing. Additionally, the chips manufactured at this fab will support essential applications, including power management, display drivers, microcontrollers, and high-performance computing.

Building an Ecosystem, Not Just a Fab

Tata’s partnership with PSMC is more than just building a factory; it’s about creating a complete semiconductor ecosystem. This collaboration will bring advanced technology, skills, and talent to India, strengthening the country’s position in the global semiconductor market.

The Indian government approved Tata’s plans, recognizing the strategic importance of building domestic semiconductor manufacturing capabilities. The plant will not only meet India’s chip demand but also serve international customers, pushing the nation to become a trusted player in the industry.

Furthermore, Tata’s bold vision aligns with the government’s “Make in India, For the World” initiative. The Dholera fab can potentially generate over 20,000 jobs, thereby directly boosting India’s tech and manufacturing sectors. With plans for more fabs, Tata aims to create over 100,000 skilled jobs in the future, indicating the significant impact of this project.

PSMC Pioneering Innovation in Semiconductor Manufacturing

PSMC, the seventh-largest pure-play foundry globally, operates six fabs in Taiwan and produces over 2.1 million wafers annually. Founded in 1994, PSMC successfully transitioned from DRAM production to advanced memory and logic chips, showcasing its adaptability in the semiconductor industry.

In 2023, the company reported total greenhouse gas emissions of 589,995 metric tons of CO2e from Scope 1 and 2, marking a 12.16% decrease from 2022. The primary emission hotspots in Scope 1 and 2 were fluorine-containing gases and purchased electricity, accounting for 94.71% of total emissions.

psmc scope emissions

source: PSMC

In terms of Scope 3, PSMC reported 171,863 metric tons of CO2e, a 19.57% decrease from 2022. Major contributors in Scope 3 included fuel and energy-related activities and purchased goods and services. Overall, PSMC aims to strengthen collaborations with its value chain partners to enhance climate strategies and build a sustainable, low-carbon future.

Dr Frank Huang, Chairman of Powerchip Group and CEO of PSMC, said,

“We are excited to collaborate with Tata Electronics on this pioneering initiative to establish India’s first semiconductor Fab in Gujarat. It reflects our commitment to providing cutting-edge technology and expertise, helping Tata Electronics create a state-of-the-art facility that will catalyze India’s semiconductor landscape. This partnership represents a win-win situation, as it positions PSMC and the Taiwanese ecosystem to gain a significant first-mover advantage in the rapidly expanding Indian market while helping India achieve self-reliance in semiconductor manufacturing. I strongly believe that our partnership will be foundational to the India–Taiwan collaboration in semiconductors and will inspire more commercial and strategic tie-ups between the two sides.”

Strategic Alliances: Tata Electronics, Tata Motors, and ADI Unite for Semiconductor Innovation

Tata Electronics has also been actively forging partnerships to strengthen India’s semiconductor capabilities. A Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) was recently signed between Tata Electronics, Tata Motors, Tejas Networks, and America-based Analog Devices (ADI). This collaboration aims to explore semiconductor manufacturing opportunities within India, particularly for EVs and network infrastructure.

ADI’s semiconductor products are expected to integrate across various Tata Group applications, enhancing India’s capabilities in EVs, data networks, and more. The partnership will further accelerate India’s journey to become self-reliant in semiconductor production and a key player in the global supply chain.

Vincent Roche, CEO and Chairman of ADI emphasized the significance of this collaboration, highlighting the potential to combine ADI’s semiconductor expertise with Tata Group’s vision to develop cutting-edge technologies across industries, from EVs to next-generation network infrastructure.

N Chandrasekaran once again highlighted the importance of this investment, noting that the development of a prosperous semiconductor industry will not only serve India’s growing tech demand but also support global customers.

In conclusion, Tata Group’s substantial investments and strategic partnerships, especially with companies like PSMC and ADI, are driving India’s emergence as a key player in the global semiconductor landscape.

Microsoft and ESB Launch Groundbreaking Green Hydrogen Pilot to Decarbonize Dublin Data Centers

Saptakee S
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0
Microsoft and ESB Launch Groundbreaking Green Hydrogen Pilot to Decarbonize Dublin Data Centers

Green hydrogen is emerging as a key player in the clean energy transition. With this thought, Microsoft and Irish energy company ESB have joined forces to launch a groundbreaking pilot project that could reshape the way data centers are powered. To decarbonize its operations, the tech giant will use green hydrogen (H2) fuel cells to generate clean electricity at its Dublin campus.

Microsoft Switches to Green Hydrogen to Tackle Scope 3 Emissions

Microsoft’s move to adopt green hydrogen aligns with its broader sustainability goals. In 2020, the tech giant committed to becoming carbon-negative, water-positive, and zero-waste by 2030. This latest project not only supports that vision but also demonstrates how hydrogen technology can play a critical role in decarbonizing sectors like data centers, which are significant energy consumers.

Lavinia Morris, General Manager, of Microsoft’s EMEA Data Centre Operations, remarked,

 “This pilot project is another important step in our journey to transition to carbon-free electricity supply for our data centers, buildings, and campuses around the world. As we look to advance a more sustainable future, we hope to build on the success of this pilot project and continue to find innovative ways to decarbonize our operations.”

However, recent reports reveal that Microsoft’s Scope 3 emissions in 2023 were 30% higher than in 2020. The rise in emissions is largely driven by the expansion of data centers to meet the growing demand for AI computing power. Consequently, switching to blue hydrogen is one way to tackle the Scope 3 emissions.

Microsoft emission

Source: Microsoft 2024 sustainability report

This pilot project also adheres to the ‘Principles for Sustainable Data Centre Development’ outlined by the Irish government. By ensuring efficient use of the electricity grid and promoting the use of renewable energy, Microsoft is contributing to the country’s sustainability goals.

ESB’s Innovative Hydrogen Fuel Cells: Zero Emissions, Maximum Impact

Hydrogen is emerging as a vital component of the clean energy transition. It’s especially valuable for sectors where renewable solutions like wind and solar are less practical. ESB’s hydrogen fuel cells can potentially replace diesel generators and offer a carbon-free alternative that can power critical infrastructure without any carbon emissions.

Microsoft’s press release explains that the pilot project will run for eight weeks. Significantly it is the first time that hydrogen fuel cells will be used to provide electricity to Microsoft’s data center in Europe. These zero-emission fuel cells, designed by ESB, will deliver up to 250 kW of power to Microsoft’s data center and administration building in Dublin.

The key feature of hydrogen fuel cells is their ability to convert stored green hydrogen into electricity. The only byproduct? Pure water. Unlike traditional diesel generators, these cells produce no carbon emissions or harmful air pollutants, such as sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), or particulate matter. This makes them an ideal solution for reducing the environmental and health impacts often associated with backup power systems.

Eoin Doherty, Vice President, EMEA Regional Leader, Microsoft Cloud Operations + Innovation, said,

“The green hydrogen project we’re launching with ESB is a pioneering first for Microsoft in Europe, demonstrating how zero-emissions hydrogen can be harnessed to power our digital lives. If scaled successfully, it could provide new ways of advancing sustainability in our sector and beyond.”

Additionally, Jim Dollard, ESB Executive Director, Generation and Trading, commented,

“ESB believes green hydrogen will play an important role in the net zero energy system of the future. We’re delighted to be working with Microsoft on this innovative pilot project that will showcase the potential for green hydrogen as part of zero-emission electricity generation for data centers.”

Notably, the Dublin pilot is just the start of a broader shift to hydrogen power across Europe. ESB aims to expand hydrogen fuel cell projects in 2024 and 2025, showcasing its versatility in various energy applications.

Green hydrogen capacity targets and consumption potentials in selected countries in the EU in 2030

green hydrogen EU

Source: Statista

Microsoft’s collaboration with ESB highlights the role hydrogen can play in reshaping energy production and consumption. With growing sectors like AI and cloud computing, the demand for cleaner power is more urgent than ever. By adopting hydrogen fuel cells, Microsoft is demonstrating how innovative solutions can help meet these challenges and reduce emissions.

Source: Microsoft announces pioneering green hydrogen pilot project with ESB

Sweden’s 100 GW Offshore Wind Power Ambition: Unlocking a Renewable Energy Powerhouse

Jennifer L
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0
Sweden’s 100 GW Offshore Wind Power Ambition: Unlocking a Renewable Energy Powerhouse

Sweden, a northern European nation with coastlines along the North and Baltic Seas, is positioned to become a key player in offshore wind energy. The country prioritizes sourcing energy from renewable resources and aims to become a net-zero carbon economy by 2045. Its power sector targets 100% renewable electricity production by 2040.

Currently, Sweden’s electricity supply is largely generated by hydro and nuclear power, with wind energy playing an increasingly significant role in its energy mix. However, despite substantial offshore wind potential, the Swedish market is still in its infancy, with numerous projects awaiting permits. 

As the country’s offshore wind industry begins to take shape, developers and policymakers strive to address the challenges of spatial planning and the permitting process. These steps are necessary to unlock Sweden’s full offshore wind potential and promote growth in a sustainable and orderly manner.

Riding the Wind: Sweden’s Offshore Wind Sector Poised for Growth

Sweden’s offshore wind potential is immense. The country installed nearly 2 GW of onshore wind power in 2023. Over the past 3 years, it has added almost 6.5 GW, second only to Germany in new installations. 

wind power installations Europe 2023
Chart from WindEurope.org

During this period, Sweden’s total onshore wind power capacity increased by 65%, reaching 16.4 GW, ranking 5th in Europe and leading in wind power per capita.

Moreover, wind energy contributed 20.9% of the nation’s electricity generation in 2023, a significant increase from just 0.3% in 2000. This rapid growth highlights Sweden’s commitment to expanding renewable energy sources as part of its broader decarbonization goals.

Wind power capacity in the country stands at 12.8 GW in 2023. Growth has been consistent, peaking in 2021 with an annual addition of 2.7 GW. By 2024, the total installed wind power is expected to surpass 17 GW, with yearly production potentially reaching nearly 50 TWh in a normal year. This upward trend signals the continued expansion of renewable energy in the region.

Sweden Short-Term Wind Capacity Forecast

Sweden wind power production
Chart from the Swedish Wind Energy Association

According to the Swedish Wind Energy Association (SWEA), over 100 GW of offshore wind projects are currently in various stages of development. Of this capacity, around 2 GW have already received permits, 52 GW are in the permitting process, and another 46 GW are under consultation. Most of these projects are in the southern part of Sweden where the demand for renewable energy is particularly high.

Despite the promising numbers, the lack of a coherent planning system is causing delays and raising concerns among developers. One key question is how to handle ongoing projects if the system changes. 

A Unique Open-Door Planning System

Unlike its Nordic neighbors, Sweden employs an open-door planning system that allows developers to propose projects and push them through the permitting process independently. This system has given developers the flexibility to move forward quickly. 

However, the lack of a structured allocation system has led to several complications. Many proposed projects overlap geographically, creating confusion and inefficiencies. To address this, Sweden’s climate ministry commissioned a report in March 2023 to develop recommendations for a more structured spatial planning system. 

The report, expected in November, will propose new strategies to streamline the permitting process and provide greater clarity for developers. 

Magnus Hermansson, a senior judge at the Land and Environment Court in Nacka, Sweden, was responsible for preparing these recommendations. His team has explored best practices from neighboring European countries such as Denmark, Finland, Germany, and the UK—countries with well-established offshore wind markets and government-managed seabed allocation systems.

Their approach seeks to balance the demands of various stakeholders, including defense, fishing industries, and local municipalities.

Many developers, like Swedish firm OX2 AB, advocate for a system that preserves the progress already made while introducing a more structured approach moving forward.

The Need for Financial Incentives

Fixing Sweden’s planning and seabed allocation systems is only part of the equation. The country also needs to address the financial viability of offshore wind investments. 

In many European countries, governments provide revenue stabilization mechanisms, such as contracts for differences, or cover the cost of grid connections. These measures are critical for encouraging investment.

Sweden’s lack of similar incentives has already had an impact. In September 2023, Vattenfall shelved its plans for the Kriegers Flak offshore wind farm due to inadequate funding for grid connections. The Swedish government has not yet introduced any plans to offer such financial support for offshore wind projects. This issue is compounded by the Swedish government’s focus on nuclear energy. 

In 2023, the government proposed building 10 new nuclear reactors and introduced a financing model that involves state loans and a minimum return on equity for investors. Critics argue that this heavy focus on nuclear energy could reduce the need for offshore wind and divert financial resources away from renewable projects.

Experts warned that excessive investment in nuclear energy could drive up electricity prices and make Sweden less competitive in energy-intensive industries.

Onshore Wind Development: A Step Forward

While the future of offshore wind in Sweden remains uncertain, the government is taking steps to encourage onshore wind development. A policy introduced in September 2023 allocates over 1 billion kronor (over US$97 billion) to local municipalities that accept new onshore wind projects. 

The incentive could accelerate the approval process for onshore wind farms and could serve as a model for similar support for offshore wind in the future.

According to renewable energy expert Alon Carmel from PA Consulting, extending similar incentives to offshore wind would be a positive development and help restore investor confidence in the sector.

As Sweden looks to double its power consumption by 2045 through clean energy projects, balancing investments between nuclear and wind energy will be crucial for its net-zero ambition.

Driving Decarbonization: Rio Tinto and Green Lithium to Boost EU Lithium Supply

Saptakee S
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0
Driving Decarbonization: Rio Tinto and Green Lithium to Boost EU Lithium Supply

As the demand for electric vehicle (EV) metals grows across Europe, global mining giant Rio Tinto and UK-based refinery developer Green Lithium have joined forces to create a robust domestic lithium supply chain. This strategic partnership is set to boost the UK and EU’s automotive and manufacturing sectors, while also advancing decarbonization goals.

Rio Tinto – Green Lithium Partnership Sparks Hope for Europe’s Lithium Future

Green Lithium plans to construct a large-scale lithium refinery in Teesside, England. The facility will produce high-purity lithium chemicals, essential for batteries in the UK and EU automobile industry. What makes this project unique is its focus on sustainability. To reduce environmental impact, the company will use advanced technology to process low-carbon spodumene concentrate.

Philippe Bourdages, Vice President of Minerals Sales at Rio Tinto remarked,

“Rio Tinto and Green Lithium share ambitions related to decarbonization and today’s announcement is an important step forward in our journey towards unlocking the end-to-end battery metals supply chain in Europe. Alongside Green Lithium, we are looking to supply the global rollout of green battery technology to feed the significant European market demand.”

Rio Tinto will play a significant role in boosting lithium production. This initiative comes at a crucial time. Europe, despite being a key player in the EV market, lacks sufficient lithium refining capabilities. Currently, much of the global supply chain is controlled by Chinese companies.

This joint venture is expected to help reduce Europe’s dependence on imports, thereby securing a sustainable supply of battery metals.

Most importantly Sarah Jones MP, UK Government Minister for Industry and Decarbonisation applauded this deal, noting,

“This is great news for Green Lithium and Rio Tinto and will not only support high-skilled jobs in the North East but boost our critical minerals supply chains as we continue to build a cleaner, greener future for our automotive industry and drive forward our mission to net zero.”

Unlocking Green Lithium’s Sustainable Lithium Refinery in Teesside

Green Lithium’s lithium refinery in Teesside, North East England, aims to set new sustainability standards. With a low-carbon refining process, it will reduce emissions compared to traditional resource-heavy methods. This is possible due to its location in a region with abundant clean energy options.

The refinery will use renewable energy sources, including on-site solar and wind power. To further cut emissions, the facility will enter into green power agreements, ensuring its electricity comes from clean sources. By 2035, the plant also aims to fully transition to green hydrogen for gas needs, replacing natural gas.

Guy Hatcher, Head of Strategic Business Development and Co-Founder at Green Lithium highlighted that as per Minviro’s Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) report, the refinery’s emissions profile is set to outperform existing operations. It can potentially reduce the overall carbon footprint by 75% compared to current refineries. With these innovations, the refinery is on track to lead the way in sustainable lithium production for the growing battery market.

A MESSAGE FROM Li-FT POWER LTD.

Lithium Deposits That Can Be Seen From The Sky

LiFT Power lithium mining

Who is Li-FT Power? They are one of the fastest developing North American lithium juniors with a flagship Yellowknife Lithium project located in the Northwest Territories.

Three reasons to consider Li-FT Power:
RESOURCE POTENTIAL | EXPEDITED STRATEGY | INFRASTRUCTURE

Li-FT is advancing five key projects; all located in the extremely safe and friendly mining jurisdiction of Canada.

Learn more about this mineral exploration company engaged in the acquisition, exploration, and development of lithium pegmatite projects >>

TXSV: LIFT | OTCQX: LIFFF | FRA: WS0
*** This content was reviewed and approved by Li-FT Power Ltd. and is being disseminated on behalf of Li-FT Power Ltd. by CarbonCredits.com. ***

Why Lithium is Crucial for Europe’s Net Zero Goals?

It’s a well-known fact that lithium is a key material for electric vehicle (EV) batteries and energy storage systems and would significantly reduce Europe’s dependency on fossil fuels in the future.

According to the EU’s Critical Raw Materials Act (CRMA) which is part of the Green Deal Industrial Revolution,

 “Ensures EU access to a secure and sustainable supply of critical raw materials, enabling Europe to meet its 2030 climate and digital objectives.” 

The CRMA emphasized that critical raw materials are essential to Europe’s economy but are vulnerable to supply disruptions. Demand for these materials is rapidly increasing due to global decarbonization efforts. Furthermore, the council has predicted:

  • By 2030, the EU’s need for lithium will rise twelvefold, and by 2050, it will increase twenty-onefold.

However, Europe currently imports 81% of its lithium and lacks domestic refining capacity, relying heavily on suppliers from Chile and China. The CRMA tackles Europe’s supply vulnerabilities by building strong, resilient, and sustainable value chains. Additionally, it aims to enhance domestic extraction, refining, and recycling while lowering import reliance and monitoring supply disruptions.

CRMA’s 2030 Milestones for Domestic Capacities

The Act sets these benchmarks along the strategic raw materials value chain and for the diversification of the EU supplies

  • at least 10% of the EU’s annual consumption for extraction
  • at least 40% of the EU’s annual consumption for processing
  • at least 25% of the EU’s annual consumption for recycling
  • no more than 65% of the EU’s annual consumption from a single third country

Lithium Prices Stabilize While Cobalt Trend Low, A S&P Global Report

Passenger plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) sales rose 26.5% year over year in August, driven by growth in China, though Europe’s top markets saw a decline of over 60,000 units due to Germany’s end of subsidies.

With slowing PEV demand in Europe and the U.S., battery makers are delaying expansions, and automakers are pushing back electrification goals.

The key highlights of the S&P Global analysis were: Lithium prices stabilized shortly because of CATL’s mine shutdown and high seasonal demand, but the market was oversupplied. Conversely, cobalt prices fell 1.7% in September, and the excess supply is likely to continue until 2028, keeping prices low.

Lithium S&P GLOBAL

EU’s Quest for Reliable Supply Chains

To diversify supply, the EU is also forming global partnerships to secure domestic supply chains and boost sustainable economic growth. Significant deposits have been found in Serbia and Germany, However, challenges like environmental concerns and regulatory hurdles have slowed progress.

One major example is Rio Tinto’s efforts to revive its Jadar lithium project in Serbia. This project, set to be Europe’s largest lithium mine, had its license revoked in 2022 due to environmental protests. However, with legal approval in July 2023, the project’s resumption was on track. Rio Tinto estimates that the Jadar mine could produce up to 60,000 tons of lithium annually, which would meet nearly 20% of Europe’s demand for EV batteries.

We can infer that the partnership between Rio Tinto and Green Lithium not only supports the automotive industry but also aligns with wider efforts to achieve net zero emissions. Both companies are committed to decarbonization, and this project could significantly reduce the carbon footprint of lithium production in Europe.

Last but not least, Sean Sargent, Chief Executive Officer of Green Lithium, expressed himself by saying.

“The EV and battery revolutions are fundamental to reducing the carbon emissions that contribute to global climate change. By building our refineries, we will accelerate the adoption of EVs and sustainable energy storage through the increased supply of low-carbon, battery-grade lithium chemicals. Fulfilling this vision requires the right partners, and in Rio Tinto we have found an exceptional potential commercial partner.”

Li-FT Power Reveals Initial Mineral Resource of 50.4 Million Tonnes at Yellowknife Lithium Project

Jennifer L
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0
Li-FT Power Reveals Initial Mineral Resource of 50.4 Million Tonnes at Yellowknife Lithium Project

Li-FT Power Ltd. (TSXV: LIFT) has announced its first-ever National Instrument 43-101 (NI 43-101) compliant mineral resource estimate (MRE) for the Yellowknife Lithium Project (YLP), located in the Northwest Territories, Canada. This maiden estimate is a major milestone for the company and marks a significant step forward in the project’s development. 

The resource estimate positions the Yellowknife Lithium Project as a globally important spodumene resource, making it one of the top 10 largest spodumene projects in the Americas.

North and South American hard-rock lithium projects
Source: Li-FT Power

A Lithium Giant Emerges: Key Highlights of the Maiden MRE

The Yellowknife Lithium Project’s initial MRE reveals a total of 50.4 million tonnes grading 1.00% lithium oxide (Li₂O). That is equal to around 506,000 tonnes of Li₂O or 1.25 million tonnes of lithium carbonate equivalent (LCE). This significant volume of lithium-rich spodumene places the Yellowknife Project among the largest hard-rock lithium deposits in Canada, currently ranked as the 3rd-largest hard-rock maiden resource in the country.

Maiden resource estimates for Canadian spodumene projects
Source: Li-FT Power

The estimate includes 8 of the 13 spodumene-bearing pegmatite dykes located on the property. However, the majority of these deposits remain open at depth, with 6 of the 8 dykes in the estimate showing unconstrained mineralization. This opens the door for substantial resource expansion through future drill programs. 

8 of 13 resource pegmatites dykes with 2024 drilling plotted
8 of 13 resource pegmatites dykes with 2024 drilling plotted Source: Li-FT Power

In addition, 5 undrilled spodumene dykes on the property are not yet included in the MRE, presenting further upside potential for growth as exploration continues.

The maiden resource estimate is based on data gathered from 49,548 meters of diamond drilling, completed across 286 holes between June 2023 and April 2024. While the estimate represents a substantial resource, it is only the beginning, with Li-FT aiming to build on these early findings as additional exploration and drilling are conducted over the coming years.

Yellowknife Lithium Project deposit in-pit MRE
Source: Li-FT Power

Strategic Positioning and Infrastructure Benefits

One of the Yellowknife Lithium Project’s significant advantages is its excellent access to infrastructure. The Ingraham Trail, a government-maintained paved highway, runs through part of the project’s mineral resource area, providing convenient transportation links. 

Li-FT yellowknife lithium project location
Location of LIFT’s Yellowknife Lithium Project

Moreover, the project is close to rail facilities at Hay River, which is connected to major ports in Prince Rupert and Vancouver. This logistical infrastructure is critical for future shipping, especially to key markets in Asia, where lithium demand continues to grow as the global transition to electric vehicles accelerates.

The project is also close to existing powerlines near Yellowknife, which will help reduce development and operational costs. This infrastructure positioning enhances the project’s economic viability and makes it well-suited for future large-scale mining and processing operations.

Metallurgical Testing and Processing Potential

The metallurgical work conducted to date confirms the suitability of the Yellowknife Lithium Project’s spodumene-bearing pegmatites for dense medium separation (DMS) processing. DMS is a cost-effective method for separating lithium from spodumene, and initial testing has shown that this technique can be applied successfully to the YLP deposits.

X-ray diffraction analysis and pilot-scale testing completed as part of the Yellowknife Lithium Project’s metallurgical program have confirmed the presence of simple lithium mineralogy in the pegmatites. The confirmation that low-cost DMS processing is suitable for the spodumene dykes included in the maiden resource estimate adds further confidence in the project’s potential to be a low-cost lithium producer.

Yellowknife’s Road to Lithium Dominance

With the maiden resource estimate now in place, Li-FT Power is moving forward with plans to conduct a Preliminary Economic Assessment (PEA) for the Yellowknife Lithium Project. The PEA will evaluate the project’s economic feasibility, including factors such as capital and operating costs, potential production rates, and overall project profitability.

Li-FT expects to complete the PEA in the second quarter of 2025, marking another critical step toward bringing the lithium project into production. The company’s management views this initial resource estimate as a foundation for growth. CEO Francis MacDonald expressed optimism about the project’s future, saying that:

“The announcement of Li-FT’s first NI 43-101 mineral resource estimate for the Yellowknife Lithium Project marks a significant milestone for both the company and the Northwest Territories.”

What Lies Ahead For Lithium

The opportunities presented by the Yellowknife Lithium Project are immense. As the world shifts towards electrification and renewable energy, lithium demand is expected to soar, driven by the growth of electric vehicles (EVs) and energy storage systems. Projects like Yellowknife, with its large, high-grade lithium resources, will play a crucial role in meeting this demand, stabilizing lithium prices and supporting the global transition to cleaner energy.

The Northwest Territories, with its rich mineral endowment and supportive mining infrastructure, is well-positioned to become a key player in the global lithium supply chain. The Yellowknife Lithium Project has the potential to be a cornerstone asset in the region’s mining future.

With 50.4 million tonnes of inferred resources and substantial room for expansion, the project could become a key contributor to North America’s lithium supply. As Li-FT Power advances and continues exploration, this development represents a major opportunity in the rapidly growing lithium market.

Disclosure: Owners, members, directors, and employees of carboncredits.com have/may have stock or option positions in any of the companies mentioned: LIFT.

Carboncredits.com receives compensation for this publication and has a business relationship with any company whose stock(s) is/are mentioned in this article.

Additional disclosure: This communication serves the sole purpose of adding value to the research process and is for information only. Please do your own due diligence. Every investment in securities mentioned in publications of carboncredits.com involves risks that could lead to a total loss of the invested capital.

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Ioneer’s Nevada Lithium Mine Gets Regulatory Approval Amid the Endangered Buckwheat Flower Controversy

Saptakee S
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Ioneer’s Nevada Lithium Mine Gets Regulatory Approval Amid the Endangered Buckwheat Flower Controversy

The U.S. Bureau of Land Management (BLM), under President Biden’s administration, has nearly completed the regulatory process for Ioneer’s Rhyolite Ridge lithium project in Nevada, one of the largest lithium sources in the U.S.

BLM’s decision follows a six-year review aimed at boosting U.S. critical mineral production and reducing China’s dominance in battery metals. Once fully approved, the mine will become a key supplier of lithium for the U.S. electric vehicle (EV) market, with the capacity to power up to 370,000 EVs annually.

Rhyolite Ridge is one of two advanced lithium projects in the U.S. and is fully funded for a Final Investment Decision. It is expected to be a low-cost lithium site due to its valuable boron co-product and innovative cost-saving measures in its sustainable operations. Subsequently, it will produce lithium carbonate by processing materials on-site rather than shipping them elsewhere. This approach is crucial for the EV battery supply chain.

LATEST: EIA Expects Explosive Growth in U.S. Battery Storage—Can America Ascend to Dominance?

Ioneer’s Lithium Mine vs. Endangered Buckwheat Flower Debate 

The proposed Rhyolite Ridge lithium mine by Ioneer has sparked a heated debate. While it promises economic and environmental benefits through the production of critical battery metals, it also threatens a rare plant species, Tiehm’s buckwheat. This is why conservationists and mining advocates are locked in a tug-of-war over the project’s future.

The Economic Promise

Proponents of the Rhyolite Ridge mine argue that the project is vital for U.S. energy independence and the growth of the electric vehicle market. As one of the largest lithium mines in the U.S., it could support the production of a massive number of EVs each year. Simply put, the Nevada lithium project is a major step forward to reduce carbon emissions and shift to clean energy.

Ioneer’s Chairman, James Calaway, highlighted the project’s potential contribution to the clean energy transition, stating,

“We can protect the flower and still produce the critical minerals needed for EV batteries.”

Ioneer Buckwheat

Source: Ioneer

The Environmental Challenge

Conservationists, however, have raised concerns about the mine’s environmental impact. The endangered Tiehm’s buckwheat flower, which grows only in the region near the mine site, has become a symbol of this fight. The flower was discovered in the 1980s and is found on federal land near the Nevada-California border. Environmental groups claim that the mine’s operations will endanger the fragile plant, pushing it closer to extinction.

In 2020, more than 17,000 rare flowers mysteriously died near the proposed mine site. Conservationists accused Ioneer of intentionally destroying the plants, but the company denied the allegations. Surprisingly, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) later attributed the deaths to thirsty squirrels. However, environmentalists successfully pushed for the flower to be listed as endangered under the Endangered Species Act.

The FWS responded by designating 910 acres near the mine as a protected area to preserve the flower’s habitat. While this move helps protect the species, it does not completely halt the mining project. The debate continues over whether these measures are enough to ensure the flower’s survival.

Can Conservation and Mining Coexist?

Ioneer firmly believes that it can protect Tiehm’s buckwheat without compromising the mine’s operations. The company has adjusted its plans to limit the impact on the flower’s habitat. In addition, Ioneer has proposed a propagation plan to grow and transplant the flowers nearby. Calaway insists that these measures will not affect the mine’s production and remains confident that the project can proceed sustainably.

Environmental groups, however, remain unconvinced. Patrick Donnelly from the Center for Biological Diversity argues that the mine’s plans still threaten the flower’s survival, stating,

“The mining company’s plans run afoul of the Endangered Species Act.”

Donnelly further added that the project would destroy much of the plant’s critical habitat. Critics emphasize the irreplaceable nature of Tiehm’s buckwheat and argue that no amount of mitigation can undo the damage.

As the project moves through its final stages of approval, the debate between economic progress and environmental preservation is far from over. The question remains: Can the U.S. secure its lithium supply without sacrificing its biodiversity?

BLM Director Tracy Stone-Manning has also assured,

“This environmental analysis is the product of the hard work of experts from multiple agencies, to ensure we protect species as we provide critical minerals to the nation. We’re steadfast in our commitment to be responsible stewards of our public lands as we deliver the promise of a clean energy economy.”

The Road Ahead for Ioneer’s Rhyolite Ridge Lithium Project

The Rhyolite Ridge lithium project, backed by BLM’s approval, still faces hurdles before moving forward. The next phase includes a public comment period and the release of a final environmental impact statement. After these steps, a decision on the mining permit is expected within 30 days.

This project reflects the challenge of balancing economic growth with environmental protection. The BLM, in coordination with state and tribal authorities, has worked to address concerns while ensuring the project supports the Biden administration’s clean energy goals. The U.S. government has increasingly focused on critical mineral production, aiming to boost domestic supply and reduce reliance on imports.

Rhyolite Ridge, along with the Thacker Pass project, is key to increasing lithium production for EV batteries and energy storage solutions in the U.S. Reuters reported that Ford and a joint venture between Toyota and Panasonic have already agreed to buy lithium from the mine. However, the ongoing debate around environmental impacts, including the preservation of the rare Tiehm’s buckwheat flower, underscores the tension between conservation and the push for a green economy.

Disclaimer: Research sources:

  1. BLM issues final analysis for proposed Rhyolite Ridge lithium mine in Nevada | Bureau of Land Management
  2. https://www.mining.com/us-closer-to-greenlighting-ioneers-nevada-lithium-mine/ 

Ambuja Cements Makes History: First to Join the Alliance for Industry Decarbonization (AFID)

Saptakee S
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Ambuja Cements Makes History: First to Join the Alliance for Industry Decarbonization (AFID)

Ambuja Cements Limited, the top cement and building materials company in India announced joining the Alliance for Industry Decarbonization (AFID). Ambuja’s membership marks a historic moment as it becomes the world’s first cement manufacturer to join AFID, setting a milestone in decarbonization for the cement industry.

Adani’s Acquisition and Significance of Joining the AFID

In September 2022, Adani Group completed the acquisition of Ambuja Cements Ltd and ACC Ltd. Thus, Ambuja Cements is now part of the growing Adani Portfolio. With its subsidiaries, ACC Limited and Sanghi Industries Limited, Ambuja Cements aims to help the Adani Group reach a cement production capacity of 140 MTPA by 2028.

Joining AFID is a significant milestone for the cement behemoth. Simply put, this global initiative aims to accelerate the transition to net zero as it aligns with the Paris Agreement. The AFID focuses on reducing emissions in industrial sectors and boosts the net-zero goals of the hard-to-abate industries. It brings together public and private organizations from energy-intensive industries to work toward a greener future. It serves as a platform for industry dialogue, fostering cooperation among private and public stakeholders in energy-intensive sectors.

By collaborating with other members, Ambuja aims to develop robust decarbonization strategies that align with national commitments. Notably, The International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) coordinates the alliance’s activities, ensuring a unified approach to achieving net-zero goals across industries.

Furthermore, the cement giant earned an A- ‘Leadership Score’ from CDP for its climate action. The company was also named one of ‘India’s Most Trusted Cement Brands’ by TRA Research in 2024 and listed among the ‘Iconic Brands of India’ by The Economic Times.

Currently, it has 18 integrated plants and 19 grinding units. Its highly advanced port infrastructure ensures timely, cost-effective bulk cement shipments, giving the company a competitive edge in the market.

Now, the big question is how Ambuja Cements plans to decarbonize its cement manufacturing process and achieve its Net Zero goals. What are its strategies and investments in renewable energy? Let’s explore.

Ambuja Cements: Leading the Way to Net Zero by 2050

Mr. Karan Adani, Non-Executive Director, Ambuja Cements.

“This marks another significant step for Ambuja in its sustainability journey. We are already amongst the lowest emission-intensity cement producers globally and are undertaking several strategic initiatives to further reduce our GHG emission footprint. Being a member of the Alliance for Industry Decarbonization would allow us to leverage the experiences of global cross-sector industry peers, and in turn, share our approach to decarbonization.”

Emission Reduction Target

Ambuja Cements, India’s second-largest cement producer with a capacity of 78.9 million tons per annum, has set a bold goal to achieve net zero emissions by 2050. Its targets are validated by the Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi). The company is committed to reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and is recognized as one of the lowest-emission cement producers globally.

  • This year the company utilized over 8.6 million tonnes of waste-derived resources. It boldly highlighted being 11 X water-positive and 8 X plastic-negative.

Ambuja Cements

Source: Ambuja Cements

Scope 1 and Scope 2 Emissions

The sustainability report explains how the company is combating its Scope 1 and Scope 2 emissions by 21% per ton of cementitious material by 2030. Notably, these efforts align with the Global Cement and Concrete Association’s roadmap for achieving Net Zero by 2050. The company has also conducted a climate risk assessment to ensure business resilience. They integrate recommendations from the Task Force on Climate-Related Financial Disclosures (TCFD).

Ambuja cements emissionsSource: Ambuja Cements

The company has established an Internal Carbon Pricing (ICP) mechanism which is an integral part of its emission management strategy. This tool helps the company make informed decisions to reduce carbon emissions and fund low-carbon projects.

Mega Investment Plan in Renewable Energy

A key strategy to decarbonize the cement industry is the use of renewable energy. Ambuja Cements focuses on cutting energy consumption by harnessing solar and wind power, along with utilizing waste heat recovery systems (WHRS). At present, it has installed 76 MW of WHRS.

The press release reveals Ambuja Cements’ significant investment plan of approximately $1.2 billion (₹10,000 crore) in renewable energy projects. The company is targeting a total capacity of 1 gigawatt (GW) and an additional 376 megawatts (MW) from Waste Heat Recovery Systems (WHRS). This initiative will ensure that 60% of its expanded capacity will be powered by renewable energy by 2028.

Ambuja Cements RENEWABLE ENERGYSource: Ambuja Cements

Thus, all these efforts will significantly reduce the company’s carbon footprint and gain economic benefits through reduced energy costs and improved operational efficiency.

From this data, we can understand Ambuja Cements’ commitment to decarbonizing the cement industry through renewable energy and sustainable practices. With a clear vision to reduce carbon emissions and achieve its net zero targets, the company is leading the way towards a greener future.

EIA Expects Explosive Growth in U.S. Battery Storage—Can America Ascend to Dominance?

Saptakee S
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0
EIA Expects Explosive Growth in U.S. Battery Storage—Can America Ascend to Dominance?

Battery storage systems play a crucial role in maintaining grid stability by balancing electricity supply and demand. They store energy from renewable sources like wind and solar, releasing it when needed, which helps to save power during low-demand periods. In this rapidly growing sector, lithium-ion batteries are taking the lead, driving the energy transition with their high efficiency and flexibility.

Utility-scale battery energy storage is booming across the United States. According to the latest report from the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), till July 2024, operators added 5 gigawatts (GW) of new capacity to the U.S. power grid, making a total available battery storage capacity more than 20.7 GW. Notably, developers plan to add 15 GW in 2024 and another 9 GW in 2025.

battery storage lithium EIA

Source: EIA

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Lithium Deposits That Can Be Seen From The Sky

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Learn more about this mineral exploration company engaged in the acquisition, exploration, and development of lithium pegmatite projects >>

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*** This content was reviewed and approved by Li-FT Power Ltd. and is being disseminated on behalf of Li-FT Power Ltd. by CarbonCredits.com. ***

Lithium-ion batteries Lead the Charge

The U.S. power sector has overwhelmingly adopted lithium-ion batteries for energy storage. These batteries now account for over 90% of the global demand, outpacing their use in personal electronics. As the world transitions from fossil fuels, battery storage is crucial to improving energy efficiency and supporting clean energy adoption.

Energy storage, while not a primary electricity source, provides crucial backup power. It stores electricity generated from the grid or renewable sources, making it a key player in the renewable energy ecosystem. Batteries allow electricity produced during peak generation times to be stored and later supplied during peak demand periods, enhancing grid reliability and reducing energy losses.

Despite impressive growth, the battery storage sector faces several challenges. Supply chain disruptions, inflation, and delays in grid interconnection are slowing the pace of new projects. However, experts like energy analysts and battery enthusiasts expect these issues to improve by the end of this year, leading to an even faster deployment.

Michael Craig, a professor at the University of Michigan, emphasizes the need for rapid technological advancement to meet ambitious carbon-reduction goals. The EIA predicts that utility-scale battery storage will almost double by the end of 2024, a sign that the industry is moving in the right direction.

Battery Storage Set to Drive 60% of CO2 Reductions by 2030: IEA

Battery storage is becoming increasingly attractive as costs continue to fall. Companies like Tesla and Enphase are scaling their battery storage offerings to meet growing demand, driven by the rise of AI and data centers, which are expected to increase energy consumption dramatically.

According to industry projections, the global battery storage market will grow in leaps and bounds with the push for renewable energy adoption. By 2030, electric vehicles are expected to displace millions of barrels of oil daily, further boosting the need for large-scale energy storage solutions in the power sector.

As battery storage continues to expand, it is clear that this technology is a cornerstone of the energy transition, enabling the shift away from fossil fuels and toward a more sustainable, electrified future.

According to the IEA, to triple global renewable energy capacity by 2030, while ensuring electricity security, energy storage must grow six-fold. In the Net Zero Emissions (NZE) Scenario, storage capacity needs to reach 1,500 GW by 2030. Batteries will drive 90% of this expansion, growing 14-fold to 1,200 GW, supported by technologies like pumped storage and compressed air.

lithium battery storage IEA

Source: IEA

This rapid growth requires battery deployment to rise 25% annually. Batteries are key, as they account for 60% of CO2 reductions in 2030, directly in EVs and solar PV, and indirectly through electrification and renewables.

Low-Cost Cathode Could Slash Lithium Battery Costs

A team led by Hailong Chen at Georgia Tech has developed a low-cost iron chloride (FeCl3) cathode for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). This breakthrough could reduce electric vehicle (EV) costs, where batteries make nearly half the price. FeCl3 costs just 1-2% of traditional cathode materials like nickel and cobalt while delivering the same energy capacity, making it a game-changer for EVs and energy storage.

The FeCl3 cathode is not only cheaper but also provides higher voltage than popular alternatives like lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4). Chen’s team aims to push for all-solid-state LIBs, which could improve safety and efficiency. This could also enhance large-scale energy storage and strengthen the power grid.

Chen’s research, which began in 2019, shows FeCl3 as a scalable and eco-friendly option. The team expects the technology to be commercially available within five years, promising to reshape EVs and renewable energy storage with lower costs and greater sustainability.

Source: Hailong Chen and research team, Georgia Tech

BESS Market Poised for Explosive Growth by 2030, A McKinsey Report

The Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) market is rapidly growing, creating a huge opportunity for investors and companies. In 2022, over $5 billion was invested in BESS, nearly tripling from the previous year.

  • According to McKinsey, the global BESS market is projected to grow significantly, reaching between $120 billion and $150 billion by 2030—more than 2x its current size.

Battery storage Lithium McKinseySource: McKinsey

Although the BESS market is expanding, it remains fragmented, leaving many companies uncertain about their next move. Now is the time for businesses to pinpoint the best opportunities and secure their position. With rising competition and increasing demand for renewable energy, companies must act swiftly to carve out their share of this booming market.

Key Strategies to Succeed in the BESS Market

McKinsey has come up with innovative solutions for companies to succeed in the dynamic BESS market:

They should focus on filling gaps in the value chain and prioritizing software development. System integrators can explore new opportunities by partnering with battery manufacturers, while battery makers can add integration services to target specific sectors. Additionally, investing in software that optimizes BESS performance will unlock larger markets and drive higher margins.

Strengthening supply chains and staying agile are also crucial. Companies need strategic partnerships and multi-sourcing options to manage supply disruptions. Smaller firms should act quickly, leverage their intellectual property, and take risks to stay competitive against larger players.

With global investments in BESS surging, reaching between $120 billion and $150 billion by 2030, companies need to identify the best opportunities and act decisively.

BESS McKinsey lithium ion battery

Source: McKinsey

Can the U.S. Dominate the Battery Energy Storage Market?

EIA has also estimated that U.S. battery storage capacity could increase by 89% by the end of 2024. This growth depends on developers bringing planned energy storage systems online by their intended commercial operation dates.

  • Currently, developers aim to expand U.S. battery capacity to over 30 gigawatts (GW) by the end of 2024. This would surpass the capacity of petroleum liquids, geothermal, wood and wood waste, and landfill gas.

California and Texas dominate the battery storage market. California leads with 7.3 GW of installed battery storage, followed by Texas with 3.2 GW. Significantly, Vistra’s facility in Moss Landing, California, is currently the largest, with 750 megawatts (MW).

By 2025, developers expect to complete over 300 utility-scale battery storage projects across the U.S., with Texas accounting for about 50% of the planned capacity. The five largest battery storage projects set to come online in 2024 or 2025 include:

  • Lunis Creek BESS SLF (Texas, 621 MW)
  • Clear Fork Creek BESS SLF (Texas, 600 MW)
  • Hecate Energy Ramsey Storage (Texas, 500 MW)
  • Bellefield Solar and Energy Storage Farm (California, 500 MW)
  • Dogwood Creek Solar and BESS (Texas, 443 MW)

battery storage US lithium EIASource: EIA

With ambitious battery storage plans and declining costs, the U.S. is poised to achieve a cleaner, more reliable energy future, rapidly closing the gap with China.

Microsoft and UNDO Partner for 15,000 Tons of Carbon Removal Using Enhanced Rock Weathering!

Saptakee S
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0
Microsoft and UNDO Partner for 15,000 Tons of Carbon Removal Using Enhanced Rock Weathering!

Microsoft and rock weathering pioneer UNDO announced a mega deal to permanently remove 15,000 tons of CO2 from the atmosphere. It is an extension of last year’s contract, which was certainly comparatively smaller in size. Significantly, Microsoft will also enhance UNDO’s ongoing scientific research in the enhanced rock weathering (ERW) field.

Microsoft Fuels UNDO’s Carbon Removal Ambition

In 2023, UNDO started working with Microsoft to remove 5,000 tons of CO₂ by spreading 25,000 tons of basalt in the UK. This marked Microsoft’s first-ever Enhanced Rock Weathering (ERW) purchase. Now, the partnership has expanded.

Brian Marrs, Senior Director of Energy Markets at Microsoft remarked,

“Microsoft is committed to being carbon-negative by 2030. We are excited to support UNDO’s enhanced rock weathering carbon removal projects with co-benefits for soils, farmers, and rural communities. With this follow-on deal, we look forward to working with the UNDO team who will pioneer further deep science across different measurement techniques and at varying scales to deliver crucial ERW process data.”

Microsoft

Technically speaking, UNDO will spread 65,000 tons of crushed rock on agricultural land, including 40,000 tons of basalt in the UK and 25,000 tons of wollastonite in Canada, to further reduce CO₂ emissions.

So, what is enhanced rock weathering and what’s its role in carbon removal?

Understanding Enhanced Rock Weathering (ERW)

Natural rock weathering (NRW) is nature’s own way of removing carbon dioxide (CO₂) from the atmosphere and permanently storing it in rocks. It has been occurring for millions of years.

UNDO has defined it scientifically as,

“As rain falls through the atmosphere it combines with CO2 to form carbonic acid. When this dilute acid lands on our soils, the CO2 mineralizes and is safely stored as solid carbon. The geological process of rock weathering removes 1 billion tonnes of CO2 every year.”

However, this process can be enhanced/accelerated through human intervention. This is where UNDO comes into play and thus, they named it Enhanced Rock Weathering.

UNDO ERW

Source: UNDO

So, what exactly does the company do?

They speed up this natural process by spreading crushed silicate rock on farmland. This increases the rock’s surface area, allowing it to absorb more CO2. Instead of taking millions of years, the process is shortened to just decades. Once the reaction occurs, the CO2 is locked away for over 100,000 years.

Furthermore, as the volcanic rock breaks down, it releases nutrients like magnesium, calcium, potassium, and phosphorus that help crops grow and balance soil pH. This supports farmers by offering free soil improvements, creating green jobs, and strengthening local food systems.

Microsoft Supports Funding and Scientific Research for ERW

Microsoft’s partnership would help UNDO advance scientific research in measuring, reporting, and verifying (MRV) ERW-based carbon removal. This collaboration also provides crucial funding for field trials and monitoring sites in Ontario, including a research farm at the University of Guelph and UNDO’s main lab at Queen’s University in Kingston. Additionally, new trial sites will be established in the UK, including one at Newcastle University.

Jim Mann, CEO and Founder of UNDO, stated,

“This agreement with Microsoft signals to the market that enhanced rock weathering can deliver scalable carbon removal. With Microsoft’s continued support, we can enhance our research and data-gathering capabilities.”

Canada: UNDO’s Next Operational Hub

UNDO plans to expand its North American operations in Canada as it is becoming a strategic center for carbon removal. It has chosen Wollastonite as a mining partner for its fast-weathering feedstock for quicker data collection and optimizing the ERW process.

The company is primarily targeting rural communities. It is supporting the farmers facing challenges from climate change by providing crushed rock for free. At present it is operating in Southeast Ontario and plans to expand in Québec. This move will allow them to spread millions of tons of silicate rock each year, taking a crucial step toward large-scale carbon removal operations.

How is UNDO Raising the Bar for its ERW Carbon Removal Method?

We can comprehend that UNDO is committed to scaling its operations globally. The company gathers high-quality data from global partners and develops methods to measure carbon removal in different regions through strong partnerships and advanced technology.

Nonetheless, it has to demonstrate that ERW is a reliable, standard, and measurable method for permanent carbon removal.

Most significantly UNDO has partnered with Puro.earth, a top carbon removal registry, to establish Enhanced Rock Weathering (ERW) as an ICROA-accredited carbon removal method. But the company thinks this is not enough. This is why they are partnering with independent climate scientists and standard agencies to create the first methodology for ERW validation under ISO-14064. This groundbreaking effort is shaping new protocols for global ERW projects.

Similarly, with Microsoft as its partner, it can demonstrate itself as a reliable and trustworthy company to invest in. Such partnerships are also vital for funding in-depth scientific research and MRV processes.

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has announced that the world needs to remove 10 billion tonnes of CO₂ from the atmosphere each year by 2050 to avert climate change damages. UNDO believes ERW could help eliminate about 4 billion tonnes of CO₂ annually, contributing to 40% of this goal. This clearly illustrates that the deal with Microsoft is truly and undeniably valuable!

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