How Retired Nuclear Power Sites in the U.S. Could Fuel Net Zero by 2050

Jennifer L
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How Retired Nuclear Power Sites in the U.S. Could Fuel Net Zero by 2050

The goal of reaching net zero emissions by 2050 is widely recognized, but the path to get there is complex. With rising electricity demand driven by data centers, electric vehicles, and cleaner industrial processes, we need reliable, carbon-free power. 

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) predicts that an additional 200 GW of nuclear capacity will be required by 2050 to meet this demand. Fortunately, a significant portion of this capacity could come from an unexpected but familiar source—existing and retired nuclear plant sites.

Tapping Into Existing Nuclear Power Infrastructure

A new DOE report suggests that 60 to 95 GW of new nuclear capacity could be added by using sites of 54 operational and 11 recently retired nuclear plants across 31 states. 

By examining each site’s footprint, cooling water availability, seismic risks, and proximity to population centers, the DOE’s researchers found that these locations hold great potential for future reactor deployment.

The Grand Gulf Nuclear Station in Port Gibson, Mississippi, has the largest U.S. nuclear reactor. With a net summer electricity generation capacity of about 1,400 MW.

United States nuclear power plants

*** The US has 93 operating commercial nuclear reactors at 54 nuclear power plants in 28 states. The Grand Gulf Nuclear Station in Port Gibson, Mississippi, is the largest nuclear reactor in the United States.

The study’s analysis identified 41 operating and retired sites that have the space for large light-water reactors like the AP1000 reactors in Georgia. These sites could host up to 60 GW of new capacity. 

Moreover, smaller advanced reactors with 600 MW capacity could raise that potential to 95 GW, offering a flexible solution to meet future energy needs.

Nuclear power plants results DOE study
From DOE study

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Why Existing Sites Are Ideal for New Reactors

Building new reactors at existing or retired nuclear sites makes both economic and community sense. Many nearby residents already view nuclear energy as a positive presence, given its benefits. These include jobs with wages 30% higher than local averages and tax revenues that enhance schools and infrastructure. 

Moreover, nuclear power plants are generally seen as “good neighbors,” which increases the likelihood of community support for new projects.

existing nuclear sites per state with space for new reactors
Image from DOE website

Regulatory Pathways to Speed Up Deployment

Another advantage of building at existing sites is that many have already engaged with the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) for additional reactors in the past. Although 17 reactors were planned but never built, these sites were thoroughly evaluated. Plus, eight of these sites even received construction and operating licenses (COLs). Leveraging these previous regulatory engagements could significantly speed up the licensing process, potentially saving both time and capital on future builds.

According to the report, 24 GW of clean energy could have been added through these planned reactors. By revisiting these sites and fast-tracking approval processes, the United States could accelerate the deployment of much-needed clean energy infrastructure.

Expanding Nuclear Capacity Beyond Existing Sites

The DOE report also explored another promising avenue for expansion—building nuclear power plants near coal power plant (CPP) sites. These locations offer another 128 to 174 GW of nuclear capacity potential, depending on reactor type. This potential capacity represents replacement power for existing/recently retired coal power plants to lower carbon emissions. 

Transitioning from coal to nuclear at these sites could bring substantial economic and environmental benefits by leveraging the existing workforce and infrastructure in these energy communities.

Operating coal plants with NPP potential backfit

The analysis of the 145 CPP sites suitable for nuclear development produced the following data for potential siting:

  • 79% could site a large 1,117 MWe LWR (light-water reactor)
  • 94% could site a large 1,000 MWe LWR 
  • 100% could site a generic 600 MWe reactor technology 

The Road Ahead for Nuclear Power

While the findings from the DOE’s report are encouraging, it’s important to recognize that they are preliminary. A great deal of collaboration will be required between utilities, communities, and policymakers to determine the viability of building new reactors. 

One of the most significant barriers to deployment will be capital costs, which have historically been a challenge for nuclear energy projects.

To address this, the DOE has developed a new tool aimed at quantifying capital cost reductions for new reactors. This tool will help stakeholders identify strategies to lower costs, making nuclear power a more feasible solution to meet future energy demands.

As the world works toward a net zero future, nuclear power has the potential to play a crucial role. By tapping into existing infrastructure, speeding up the licensing process, and exploring coal-to-nuclear transitions, the U.S. can significantly expand its clean energy capacity. 

With the launch of new tools and ongoing research, the path forward for nuclear energy is becoming clearer. Stay updated for more updates on how nuclear power can help achieve the earth’s 2050 emissions goals.

Westinghouse is Pioneering Nuclear Microreactor for Remote Energy Needs

Jennifer L
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Westinghouse is Pioneering Nuclear Microreactor for Remote Energy Needs

Westinghouse Electric Company has successfully finished the front-end engineering and experiment design (FEEED) phase for its eVinci microreactor prototype. This phase is part of preparations for testing at the Idaho National Laboratory (INL), scheduled as early as 2026. The eVinci microreactor is one of three innovative designs selected for evaluation at the world’s first nuclear microreactor test bed.

The FEEED phase is critical for developers like Westinghouse to plan and design the fabrication, construction, and potential testing of the reactor at the DOME test bed. The test bed is operated by the National Reactor Innovation Center (NRIC), a U.S. Department of Energy initiative. 

A MESSAGE FROM URANIUM ROYALY CORP.

The First and Only Pure Play Uranium Royalty CompanyUranium Royalty Corp

Uranium Royalty Corp  is the first company to apply the successful royalty and streaming business model exclusively to the uranium sector.

With interests in advanced, permitted and producing uranium projects, the company is well positioned as a capital provider to meet the growing need for uranium as fuel for carbon free, nuclear energy.

Discover first mover pure-play uranium royalty exposure >>

[ Disseminated on behalf of Uranium Royalty Corp.] NASDAQ: UROY | TSX: URC 

What Are Nuclear Microreactors?

Nuclear is getting smaller and smaller. Nuclear microreactors are a prime example. 

Several microreactor designs are being developed in the U.S. These small reactors are portable, fitting on a truck, and could address energy needs in remote locations, both commercial and residential, as well as military bases.

Microreactors are distinguished by 3 main features rather than their fuel or coolant, according to U.S. DOE’s Office of Nuclear Energy:

  1. Factory Fabrication: All components are pre-assembled in a factory and shipped to the site, reducing construction challenges and capital costs, and allowing quick deployment.
  2. Transportability: Their small size allows easy transportation via truck, ship, airplane, or train, making deployment versatile.
  3. Self-Adjustment: They are designed to automatically adjust operations with minimal operator involvement, using passive safety systems to prevent overheating or meltdowns.
what is a nuclear microreactor
Graphic from the US DOE’s Office of Nuclear Energy

Westinghouse’s completion of its prototype microreactor’s FEEED process moves the project a step closer to the testing and commercialization phase. The process involves creating a detailed schedule, budget, and design for the experiment, along with a preliminary safety report to ensure safe testing. This phase helps developers prepare for the eventual fabrication and installation of the reactor. 

Westinghouse, along with Radiant and Ultra Safe Nuclear Corporation, was competitively selected to complete the FEEED process last year. Jon Ball, President of eVinci Technologies at Westinghouse, emphasized the significance of completing this phase:

“This marks a critical step in bringing the Westinghouse eVinci Microreactor to commercial operation. We are targeting deployment of multiple eVinci microreactors worldwide by the end of the decade. The strong partnership with NRIC, INL, and the Department of Energy is instrumental to our efforts.”

What is the eVinci Microreactor?

The eVinci microreactor is one of several designs funded by the U.S. Department of Energy’s Advanced Reactor Demonstration Program. This heat-pipe cooled reactor can generate 5 megawatts of electricity and is designed for sites as small as two acres. It can operate for 8+ years before needing to be refueled.

Unlike conventional reactors, the eVinci uses heat pipes to transfer heat out of its core, allowing for air cooling instead of water or pressurized gas. This makes it more efficient and suitable for various environments, especially remote areas where water is not easily accessible.

The microreactor has a wide range of applications, including:

  • Powering remote communities
  • Supporting mining operations
  • Supplying energy to data centers

In 2023, Westinghouse announced an agreement to deploy an eVinci microreactor in Saskatchewan, Canada, showcasing its potential in cold, remote areas.

The Role of NRIC and the DOME Test Bed

Westinghouse will continue to work with NRIC to finalize the design and planning for the eVinci experiment. The company is also preparing for long-lead procurement items in anticipation of potential installation at the DOME test bed.

The NRIC, a program under the U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Nuclear Energy, is dedicated to advancing the development of next-generation nuclear reactors. By bringing together industry and national labs, NRIC aims to help new reactor technologies move from the concept stage to demonstration and, eventually, commercialization.

The DOME test bed is a critical facility in this process. It provides a controlled environment where reactor developers can test fueled experiments with reduced risks. This collaboration between industry players like Westinghouse and national laboratories like INL accelerates the safe development of advanced reactor designs.

Radiant and Ultra Safe Nuclear Corporation are also expected to finish their FEEED processes by the end of the year. These companies are gearing up to test their own microreactor designs at DOME.

A Significant Step for Microreactor Innovation

Completing the FEEED phase is a major milestone in bringing microreactor technology closer to reality. Westinghouse is positioning itself as a leader in the next wave of nuclear technology. 

The development of nuclear microreactors like the eVinci could have far-reaching impacts, providing a new, sustainable energy source for various industries and remote communities. It is a perfect example of how nuclear innovation is evolving to meet the energy demands of the 21st century. 

With testing expected at the DOME test bed by 2026, and the continued support of the Department of Energy, these projects represent significant progress toward clean, reliable, and versatile nuclear power. As the world transitions to low-carbon energy sources, microreactors could play a critical role in the future of global energy.

The “Northern Lights” Shines: Shell, Equinor, and TotalEnergies JV Powers the Norway CCS Project

Saptakee S
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The “Northern Lights” Shines: Shell, Equinor, and TotalEnergies JV Powers the Norway CCS Project

Northern Lights Project- The JV between Shell, Equinor, and TotalEnergies for the carbon capture and storage (CCS) facility in Øygarden, Norway is now ready to receive CO2 from industries in Norway and Europe. This was a moment of celebration for the Norway Government with Northern Lights becoming the first to offer commercial CO2 transport and storage services in the region.

Terje Aasland, Norwegian Minister of Energy.

“Today’s ceremony marks a significant milestone—one that fills us with great pride and hope for the future. This is a proud moment not just for Northern Lights as a company, but for Norway and for the advancement of Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) worldwide”.

Northern Lights JV Powers Norway’s Full-Scale CCS Project

The Northern Lights project plays a pivotal role in Norway’s ambitious Longship initiative, a full-scale CCS project that was rolled out in 2020. It focuses on capturing CO2 from industrial sources and storing it permanently under the seabed in the North Sea.

Tim Heijn, Managing Director of Northern Lights JV.

“Today we achieved an important milestone on our journey to demonstrate CCS as a viable option to help achieve climate goals. The whole world is looking to Norway to learn about CCS. Since construction started, we have welcomed more than 10,000 visitors from more than 50 countries. Today we celebrated the completion of the facilities together with the people of our host municipality Øygarden, the Norwegian Ministry of Energy, and key stakeholders, including policymakers and industry partners in the CCS chain. All are instrumental for the success of Northern Lights and the CCS business in Europe”.

The Northern lights Project Norway TotalEnergiesSource: TotalEnergies

CO2 Journey: From Capture to Storage

Grete Tveit, Senior Vice President of Low Carbon Solutions at Equinor remarked,

“This is an exciting day for Equinor, Northern Lights Joint Venture, and our partners Shell and TotalEnergies. We are proud that Northern Lights, as part of the Longship value chain, has now been completed and is ready to receive CO2. It is an important milestone in the work of establishing a Carbon Capture and Storage value-chain in Europe.”

The process begins with CO2 capture from various industrial sites, including the Brevik cement plant owned by Heidelberg Materials in southern Norway. Here’s how Northern Lights manages the entire transport and storage journey:

  • CO2 is captured and liquefied at the industrial facilities.
  • It’s shipped to the Øygarden terminal, which features 12 large metal tanks for temporary storage.
  • The terminal temporarily holds 7,500 cubic meters of liquefied CO2, delivered by custom-built ships.
  • From there, CO2 travels through a 110-kilometer pipeline to a permanent storage site.

The offshore storage location, 2,600 meters below the seabed, ensures long-term CO2 containment in a rock formation.

The storage capacity can handle large volumes of CO2, with Phase 1 capable of injecting 1.5 MMTs annually, amounting to a total of 37.5 MMTs over 25 years. In Phase 2, the project plans to increase its capacity by an additional 3.5 MMTs per year, significantly boosting its ability to store CO2 from industrial sources.

Norway Norther Lights Project Equinor

Source: Equinor

Project Collaboration and Investment

As Northern Lights pioneers commercial CO2 transport and storage, it’s playing a key role in Norway’s strategy to reduce emissions and lead global efforts in decarbonization.

Partners Share: TotalEnergies (33.3%), Equinor (33.3%), Shell (33.3%)

Carbon Emissions in Norway

Norway carbon emissions

Equinor to Oversee Infrastructure

Equinor is responsible for overseeing the construction of both the onshore and offshore facilities. The press release highlights that the project has a total cost of 7.5 billion NOK, which does not include the CO2 capture plants or ships. A significant 80% of the first phase’s funding is provided by the Norwegian government as part of the Longship initiative.

Meanwhile, Equinor continues to expand its CCS projects, exploring new opportunities across the Snøhvit and Sleipner fields on the Norwegian Continental Shelf. Additionally, it is developing new onshore and offshore CCS projects in Northwest Europe, the UK, and the US. These advancements depend on ongoing collaboration between governments, industry, customers, and regulators to implement large-scale carbon capture and storage solutions effectively.

Shell Takes a New Step in Norway

Shell is already well-established in Norway. However, the Northern Lights Project is another feather in their cap. Marianne Olsnes, Shell’s CEO in Norway, views it as a blueprint for a new business model aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions. She believes it represents a crucial first step toward a significant industrial opportunity for Norway.

She further added,

“This has been a long journey, with partners Shell, TotalEnergies and Equinor working together to deliver as planned despite the pandemic, supply chain challenges and a strained global economy. The Norwegian authorities have also taken an important role in the realization of this ground-breaking project. I believe that we are helping to create something that can have a major impact on how Europe can meet the Paris goals.”

Anna Mascolo, Executive Vice President of Shell Low Carbon Solutions, praised the joint venture, expressing her satisfaction that the Northern Lights facilities are now prepared to receive CO2 from industrial sites throughout Europe. She emphasized that this development is a vital component of Shell’s integrated offerings for its customers.

TotalEnergies Offers Cutting-Edge Tech Support

Let’s look at what Arnaud Le Foll, Senior Vice-President New Business – Carbon Neutrality at TotalEnergies speaks on the JV.

“We are proud to celebrate today the commissioning of the Northern Lights facilities. It has been a long journey since our partnership with the Norwegian State, Equinor and Shell was established in 2017. This major milestone signals the readiness of the infrastructure to store CO2 and we look forward to receiving the first volumes from hard-to-abate emitters in 2025. This will bring a strong contribution to the decarbonization of European industry.”

TotalEnergies focuses on cutting emissions by applying the best technologies across its operations. The company develops CCS projects to manage excess carbon dioxide. It is competent in project management, gas processing, and geosciences. With the Northern Lights Project in Norway, Aramis in the Netherlands, and Bifrost in Denmark it is actively helping decarbonize Europe.

Nuclear Power vs. Coal: Three Reasons Why Only One Will Power The Next Decade

Jennifer L
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Nuclear Power vs. Coal: Three Reasons Why Only One Will Power The Next Decade

Global power generation is evolving

With an increasing number of renewable energy sources being harnessed, right now, nuclear power is catching the most attention in the move to cleaner energy.

The International Energy Agency estimates that global nuclear generation will be 10% higher in 2025 than it was in 2023. By 2026, nearly half of the world’s electricity will come from low-emission sources, including nuclear.

  • The United States operates 93 commercial nuclear reactors that collectively produce approximately 780 billion kilowatt-hours (TWh) of electricity, which is a substantial amount of energy.
  • This output is sufficient to power more than 72 million homes and represents nearly 47% of the nation’s total electricity generation, according to the U.S. Office of Nuclear Energy.

Yet, as you can see in the infographic, the US is still heavily reliant on fossil fuels.

In 2023, coal made up about 8.7% of total energy consumption and 18.6% of electricity production. And there are approximately 210 coal plants running across the country right now.

  • Each coal plant pumps out about 3.2 terawatt-hours (TWh) of energy—enough to power roughly 306,000 homes.

Still, it’s important to note that coal plants also generate a ton of waste. Each plant releases around 333,000 tonnes of waste yearly, contributing to a total of 70 million tonnes of coal waste. And 60-70% of that? It’s fly ash—a harmful byproduct that contains heavy metals such as arsenic, lead and mercury. It’s highly toxic, harmful to ecosystems, and can contaminate soil and water while contributing adversely to climate change.

Though 62% of the coal ash was recycled in 2022, the leftover coal waste still far outweighs what nuclear plants produce. 

1. Nuclear Power is Cleaner

Nuclear power emits 40 times less carbon than coal. It has powered the U.S. for over 60 years, and with 93 reactors, the country has the largest nuclear fleet in the world.

More importantly, the entire sector only generates about 2,000 tonnes of waste per year amounting to about 37.7 tonnes per plant. Compare that to coal, nuclear power is far superior as one of the cleanest energy sources available.

2. Nuclear Power is Cheaper (And More Reliable)

Not only is nuclear energy cleaner, but it’s also cheaper. nuclear energy costs much less to produce than coal or gas. For example, in the U.S., generating power with coal costs between $75.1 – $96.3 per megawatt-hour (MWh), while nuclear only costs $43.9/MWh.

Nuclear power uses uranium, a dense but non-renewable resource. While uranium is plentiful, only U-235 is used for fission, and most U.S. uranium is mined out West. And nuclear power is also one of the most reliable energy sources as US plants operated at full capacity more than 93% of the time in 2023.

3. Nuclear Power is Safer

Finally, nuclear power is statistically safer. Even factoring in big disasters like Chernobyl and Fukushima, nuclear power resulted in just 0.03-0.04 deaths per TWh. With coal, statistics indicated at least 24.6 (Our World in Data) to 100 deaths per TWh (WHO/CDC).

So, while coal is still a big player in the U.S. energy game, it’s wasteful and comes with a bigger human and environmental toll. Nuclear energy, on the other hand, offers a cleaner, cheaper, and safer power alternative.

Now more than ever, leading nations are working to rapidly increase carbon-free power generation to achieve decarbonization goals. As a result, nuclear power is gaining support across the world.  

***

Disclaimer: This infographic and editorial was sponsored by Uranium Royalty Corp.

Top 5 US States with Most Data Center Emissions: Reveals KnownHost Research

Saptakee S
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Top 5 US States with Most Data Center Emissions: Reveals KnownHost Research

A study by KnowHost revealed that Virginia’s data centers are under scrutiny for their significant environmental impact. With over 400 data centers in the state, these facilities emit nearly 200 tons of CO2 equivalent per megawatt-hour (MWh) of energy produced. As the demand for data centers continues to grow, especially with the rise of AI and cloud computing, concerns about their carbon footprint have intensified. This issue is particularly pressing in Virginia, where data center investments continue to rise. The increase in carbon emissions has raised questions about sustainability and the ability of the energy grid to handle this growth.

AI Boom Could Triple Data Center CO2 Emissions

Data centers are essential for powering the tech industry, processing, storing, and distributing vast amounts of information. As companies increasingly rely on AI and other advanced technologies, the need for more data centers is expected to soar. According to research from Goldman Sachs, demand for these facilities could jump by 160% by 2030. However, this rise also means an increase in power and environmental impact.

data centerThe report warns that as generative AI becomes more popular, data centers may produce three times their current CO2 emissions. In addition to high carbon output, data centers consume large amounts of water for cooling, escalating environmental concerns. Water usage has risen by two-thirds since 2019 in areas heavily populated with data centers.

Virginia Tops the List for Data Center Carbon Emissions in the US

Research from KnownHost has identified Virginia as the state with the highest carbon intensity for its data centers.

  • The state houses 473 data centers, including 24 hyperscale centers and 449 colocation centers, which host servers for multiple companies.

With 70% of the world’s data centers located in Virginia, the state has seen a surge in investment. Yet, this growth comes at a cost. The study found that these centers emit nearly 200 tons of CO2 equivalent per MWh, making Virginia the worst in the U.S. for carbon intensity in data centers.

To understand the scale of these emissions, one MWh of energy produced by Virginia’s data centers releases the same amount of CO2 as 43 cars driven for an entire year. Despite the environmental concerns, investments continue to flood in. Recently, Google announced a $1 billion expansion of its data center in Reston, Virginia, further fueling the state’s data center boom.

data centers Virginia AI

Other High-Emission States

Following Virginia, Texas ranks second in carbon emissions from its data centers. The state operates 278 data centers, including four internal centers, 266 colocation centers, and eight hyperscale facilities. These data centers collectively emit 117 tons of CO2 equivalent per MWh. Investment in Texas’ data centers is expected to continue, with companies like Microsoft and DataBank planning significant expansions.

California, with 277 data centers, takes third place, emitting 116 tons of CO2 equivalent per MWh. Although California has one fewer data center than Texas, its emissions per workload are slightly higher. The massive energy consumption by data centers in California has raised concerns about the state’s power grid. In Santa Clara, 60% of the city’s energy is consumed by data centers, sparking fears of potential blackouts.

Ohio and Illinois round out the top five states for data center emissions, with Ohio emitting 65 tons of CO2 equivalent per MWh from its 156 data centers, and Illinois emitting 63 tons from 151 centers. These states have a high concentration of tech industry operations, further intensifying their environmental impact.

Check out the complete list here: Which Data Centers Produce the Most CO2 per MWh

States with Lower Carbon Emissions

States like Alaska, Montana, and Vermont are on the opposite end of the spectrum. These states have far fewer data centers and a lower-tech industry presence. Alaska, for example, has only two colocation centers, emitting just 0.84 tons of CO2 equivalent per MWh. A focus on renewable energy has helped mitigate Alaska’s emissions. One new data center in the state operates entirely on hydropower, offering a less carbon-intensive model for the industry.

Montana and Vermont follow closely, each with three colocation data centers and 1.26 tons of CO2 equivalent emissions per MWh. While the number of data centers is small in these states, there is growing concern that data center capacity in the Northwest, which includes Montana, Idaho, Oregon, and Washington, could surpass 4,000 MW by 2030. This projection highlights the need for increased investment in renewable energy to avoid energy shortages and reduce emissions.

As the tech industry continues to expand, the environmental impact of data centers is becoming more significant. Addressing carbon emissions and energy consumption will be critical to ensuring that the growth of data centers does not come at the expense of sustainability.

Disclaimer: Content disseminated for KnowHost

Amazon and Five Others Commit $180 Million in Brazil’s Amazon Carbon Credit Deal

Jennifer L
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Amazon and Five Others Commit $180 Million in Brazil’s Amazon Carbon Credit Deal

Amazon, alongside five other major companies, has committed to purchasing carbon offset credits to support the preservation of the Amazon rainforest in the Brazilian state of Para. This agreement, valued at around $180 million, marks a significant step toward protecting one of the world’s most vital ecosystems in the fight against climate change.

Amazon LEAF Coalition’s First Amazon Deal

The carbon credits will be purchased through the LEAF Coalition, a forest conservation initiative co-founded by Amazon in 2021 in partnership with other companies and governments, including the United States and the United Kingdom. This deal is the LEAF Coalition’s first agreement in the Amazon rainforest, the world’s largest tropical forest. It plays a critical role in curbing climate change by absorbing massive amounts of greenhouse gases.

The Para state government and the LEAF Coalition announced the agreement during New York Climate Week, where more than 900 climate-focused events were held alongside the UN General Assembly. 

Governor Helder Barbalho of Para shared details of the deal. He noted that the state will retain only the portion of the sales proceeds necessary to fund its ongoing efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The remainder of the funds will be distributed to local communities, including Indigenous peoples, former slave descendants, traditional extractivist communities, and family farms.

Barbalho emphasized the symbolic importance of the agreement, stating: 

“Clearly it sends an important message: A company with a name referencing the Amazon making its first purchase with a state in the Amazon.”

Supporting Nature Conservation Efforts and Indigenous Communities

Amazon will purchase carbon offset credits alongside other big companies such as drug and chemical maker Bayer, consultancies BCG and Capgemini, H&M, and the Walmart Foundation. The fund will help protect the Amazon rainforest from deforestation. 

Under the agreement, 5 million carbon credits will be bought at $15 per credit, which is well above the average price of $4.49 for credits linked to nature conservation, per Allied Offsets data. 

nature-based carbon credit price Allied Offsets
Chart from Allied Offsets; altered highlighting price of nature-based forestry

Each credit represents a reduction of one metric ton of carbon emissions through efforts to reduce deforestation in Para. This forest conservation initiative covers from 2023 to 2026. 

An additional 7 million carbon credits will also be made available for purchase by other companies. Governments from the U.S., U.K., and Norway have guaranteed a portion of these credits, committing to buying them if other corporations do not.

How Significant is This Carbon Offset Deal?

The Amazon rainforest is a critical carbon sink that helps mitigate climate change. However, Para has been the Brazilian state most affected by deforestation since 2005. Despite the challenges, there has been progress, with deforestation rates in Para decreasing since 2021. 

In the first eight months of 2023, an area larger than New York City was deforested in Para, representing a 20% decline from the previous year.

Para is also set to host the UN COP30 Climate Summit in 2025. This aligns with President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva’s efforts to restore Brazil’s environmental leadership after years of increased deforestation. The hosting of COP30 reflects Brazil’s renewed commitment to environmental protection and sustainability.

For Amazon, this purchase aligns with its broader environmental initiatives and corporate responsibility goals. And that includes the Climate Pledge, which aims to achieve net zero carbon emissions by 2040.

Supporting Para’s nature conservation project through carbon credits is a big part of its carbon neutralization strategy. The retail giant is focusing on slashing carbon emissions within its operations as well as backing carbon-neutral initiatives. 

In 2023, Amazon cut its total carbon emissions by 3%, thanks to an 11% reduction in Scope 2 emissions (electricity) and a 5% decrease in Scope 3 emissions (supply chain). However, Scope 1 emissions (direct operations) rose by 7%, mainly due to increased transportation fuel use.

Amazon carbon footprint 2023

To tackle the increasing emissions, Amazon invests in various carbon neutralization efforts. The company partners with projects that protect tropical forests, such as the LEAF Coalition. It also supports programs that enhance forest carbon capture and improve local livelihoods while investing in new technologies for efficient carbon capture.

A Boost for Carbon Offset Markets

This deal comes at a time when global demand for carbon credits has slowed. However, major tech companies like Microsoft, Meta, and Google have recently invested in carbon offsets in Brazil, underscoring the growing recognition of nature-based solutions to combat climate change. 

Amazon’s statement about the purchase highlighted the importance of preserving tropical forests in addressing climate change. The company’s involvement in this deal, especially given its association with the rainforest through its name, sets a strong example for corporate involvement in environmental conservation.

In addition to the carbon credit deal, Para’s state government is working to enhance supply chain transparency to combat deforestation. This is particularly true in the cattle industry. Cattle ranching has been a significant driver of deforestation in the region. 

Governor Barbalho further announced that by 2026, the Para government aims to have full traceability of cattle supply chains, helping to prevent illegal deforestation and ensuring sustainable land-use practices.

While the purchase of carbon credits alone will not solve deforestation challenges, it reflects the critical role that corporations can play in financing conservation initiatives. This $180 million collaborative approach, involving governments, corporations, and local communities, offers a model for how other regions could approach forest conservation and climate action.

British Airways Commits £9M to Carbon Removal Credits. Can this Propel Aviation to Net Zero?

Saptakee S
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0
British Airways Commits £9M to Carbon Removal Credits. Can this Propel Aviation to Net Zero?

British Airways, one of the finest airlines has launched an ambitious initiative to accelerate its climate action by investing over £9 million in carbon removal credits. The move strengthens its position as the UK’s largest carbon removal purchaser and the leading airline in the space. These efforts are part of the company’s broader strategy to achieve net zero emissions by 2050.

In Pursuit of Aviation Sustainability!

Carrie Harris, Director of Sustainability at British Airways, gave a long statement on this move. He said,

As we approach the halfway point in this critical decade of action, we’re sharpening our focus on delivering real, tangible progress by 2030. We know flying has a significant impact on the planet, and achieving net zero by 2050 requires bold, innovative action today, as well as long-term transformation, and our latest investments in carbon removals reflects this commitment. While small in comparison to our total emissions, these projects are crucial in stimulating the carbon removals market. By supporting pioneering solutions, we’re not only contributing to immediate progress but also laying the groundwork for the large-scale changes needed to meet our climate goals. There is no pathway to net zero for aviation without carbon removals.”

From the UK to Canada: British Airways’ Innovative Carbon Removal Projects

The press release has rolled out details of all the innovative carbon removal projects that British Airways is pursuing in both the UK and abroad. One standout initiative is in Scotland, which involves capturing CO2 emissions from whisky distilleries and repurposing them into building materials. Additionally, they have invested in an enhanced rock weathering (ERW) technique that locks carbon for a prolonged time in different parts of the country.

The airline has also committed to purchasing carbon credits from high-durability reforestation projects in Scotland and Wales, aimed at expanding forested areas. These projects demonstrate British Airways’ focus on both reducing emissions and enhancing natural carbon sinks.

Aviation’s carbon capture efforts in Canada involve removing carbon dioxide from rivers and oceans using alkaline rock particles. Another key initiative is its investment in a biochar project in India. This project not only boosts soil biodiversity but also empowers female farmers by enhancing farm productivity. Through this effort, the airline is supporting sustainable agriculture while addressing climate change.

Partnering with CUR8, Earthshot Prize, and Climeworks

To further scale up its sustainability goals, British Airways has teamed up with UK-based CUR8, which specializes in sourcing high-quality carbon removal credits. The airline purchased 33,000 tons of these credits, a step that, while small compared to its total emissions, signals its commitment to advancing this emerging sector.

Marta Krupinska, CEO of CUR8, applauded British Airways’ crucial role in carbon removals. She expressed pride in partnering with the airline that is building a diverse portfolio spanning from the UK to Canada.

She also highlighted that CUR8 has top scientists and the best climate software to help organizations like British Airways source and manage carbon removals, reducing risks for their net zero goals.

British Airways is also a key partner of The Earthshot Prize, an organization dedicated to discovering and scaling climate solutions. This partnership aligns with the airline’s focus on fostering innovation in the aviation sector, including the development of sustainable aviation fuels and advanced carbon removal techniques. In addition, British Airways has purchased carbon removal credits from Climeworks, which operates the world’s two largest Direct Air Capture plants in Iceland.

Flying Toward a Greener Future: Net Zero Ambitions

British Airways acknowledges that achieving net zero by 2050 is a significant challenge for the aviation industry. According to Carrie Harris, roughly one-third of the airline’s emissions reductions by 2050 will come from carbon removals. While these investments are a fraction of the airline’s overall emissions, they play a crucial role in scaling up a sector that is vital for long-term climate goals. With its new investment, British Airways is actively supporting the growth of this essential market.

Carbon Removals are Not Enough…

In March the company announced is investing millions to upgrade its ground support equipment at Heathrow Airport, reinforcing its commitment to cutting emissions both on the ground and in the air. The airline is gradually replacing its vehicles, including vans, cargo transporters, and passenger steps, with hybrid or electric alternatives. Currently, over 90% of its ground vehicles at Heathrow run on zero-emission electric power or operate using hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) fuel.

British Airways is the first global airline to commit to net zero emissions by 2050, aligning with the Paris Agreement’s 1.5-degree goal. This commitment addresses Scope 1, 2, and 3 emissions, covering the entire value chain.

British Airways

Source: BA

Significantly, it aims to reduce its emissions intensity to 86gCO2 per passenger kilometer by 2050. The airline will continue to monitor its progress and adjust its plans with emerging innovations to achieve this goal.

Commitment to SAF

The airline uses SAF produced from sustainable sources, including used cooking oil, woody biomass, and agricultural waste. By 2030, British Airways aims to fly with 10% SAF, following the UK government’s SAF Mandate guidelines. This initiative includes investing in innovative SAF plants in the UK and the US to enhance SAF availability and improve aircraft operations.

This study highlights British Airways as a leader in carbon removal credits and a key driver of change in the aviation sector. The airline’s current efforts are paving the way for the large-scale transformations needed to achieve net zero climate goals for all airlines.

DOE Supercharges the U.S. Battery and Critical Minerals Industry with $3 Billion Boost

Saptakee S
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DOE Supercharges the U.S. Battery and Critical Minerals Industry with $3 Billion Boost

On September 20, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) announced over $3 billion in funding for 25 projects across 14 states. These initiatives are a part of the Biden-Harris Administration’s Investing in America agenda, which aims to boost domestic production of advanced batteries and essential materials like lithium.

Unlocking DOE’s $3B Boost for a Stronger U.S. Battery Industry

Notably, this effort builds on the administration’s previous commitment of nearly $35 billion to strengthen U.S. critical minerals and battery supply chains. The $3 billion in grants for these new projects will help expand EV and energy storage production while reducing reliance on foreign supply chains, particularly China’s.

Furthermore, the selected projects will be administered by the U.S. DOE’s Office of Manufacturing and Energy Supply Chains (MESC). The main goals of the funding are:

  • Build a robust domestic battery supply chain, including the production of key battery components like cathodes, anodes, and electrolyte materials. These elements are crucial for both current and next-generation battery technologies.
  • Focus on constructing, expanding, and retrofitting facilities for battery production, recycling, and the processing of critical minerals, such as lithium, graphite, and manganese.

U.S. Secretary of Energy Jennifer Granholm emphasized the importance of this initiative, stating,

“We’re witnessing a manufacturing revival in America, thanks to the Investing in America agenda. By establishing the U.S. as a leader in battery manufacturing, we’re not only creating high-paying jobs but also securing our energy future and strengthening our global leadership.”

Battery manufacturing investment in the United States from 1st quarter 2022 to 2nd quarter 2024

us battery investment DOE

Source: Statista

Key Projects in Lithium Extraction and Recycling, A S&P Global Report

Arkansas and Texas

Among the new projects, the DOE awarded the two largest grants—$225 million each—for direct lithium extraction (DLE) initiatives. These projects will be based in Arkansas and Texas, both part of the Smackover Formation. SWA Lithium LLC, a joint venture of Standard Lithium Ltd. and Norway’s Equinor ASA, is one of the recipients. Their Arkansas-based project aims to produce 45,000 metric tons of battery-grade lithium carbonate per year.

The DOE also selected Terravolta Resources LLC for another $225 million grant for a DLE project located in the Texarkana region. This project will focus on producing 25,000 metric tons of lithium carbonate annually.

Another significant investment includes a $200 million grant to Cirba Solutions US Inc., which plans to build a lithium-ion battery recycling facility in Columbia, SC. The plant will recycle batteries from EVs, energy storage systems, and consumer electronics, processing up to 60,000 metric tons per year.

South Carolina and Michigan

The Cirba Solutions project is one of five selected facilities in South Carolina. It is joined by a $198.7 million grant awarded to EnerSys Advanced Systems Inc. to establish a new lithium-ion battery cell plant in Piedmont, SC, set to begin production in 2028 with an initial capacity of 5 GWh.

In Michigan, four projects were highlighted, including a $145 million grant for Revex Technologies Inc. to collaborate with Eagle Mine LLC, a subsidiary of Canada’s Lundin Mining Corp., on the REV Nickel Project. This initiative aims to process Eagle Mine waste and spent batteries to recover valuable materials.

Additionally, Mitra Future Technologies Inc. received a $100 million federal grant for a facility in Muskegon, focused on producing lithium iron phosphate cathode materials for electric vehicles, energy storage, and defense applications.

On the West Coast

The DOE also selected Group14 Technologies Inc. to negotiate a $200 million award for a silane production facility in Moses Lake, Washington. This facility will manufacture silicon-based anode materials. Furthermore, Form Energy Inc. received a $150 million grant to support its production of iron-air battery storage systems at a factory in Weirton, West Virginia.

Meanwhile, Reuters reported Albemarle is slated to receive $67 million for a project in North Carolina aimed at producing commercial quantities of anode material for next-generation lithium-ion batteries. Additionally, Honeywell will be awarded $126.6 million to build a commercial-scale facility in Louisiana that will produce a key electrolyte salt essential for lithium batteries.

The media agency also noted that DOE intends to grant DOW Chemical Company $100 million to manufacture battery-grade carbonate solvents for lithium-ion battery electrolytes. Others in the pipeline include Clarios Circular Solutions, in partnership with SK ON and Cosmo Chemical will receive $150 million for a project in South Carolina to recycle lithium-ion battery production scrap materials from SK ON, the battery division of SK Innovation.

battery US Lithium

A Bold Step Toward Economic and Energy Security

John Podesta, Senior Advisor to President Biden for International Climate Policy, remarked on the importance of securing EV and battery supply chains.

 “The administration is using every tool available to onshore and ‘friend-shore’ supply chains. This will boost national security, strengthen our economy, and help combat the climate crisis,”

The press release mentions, the battery sector will see a total investment of $16 billion, which includes contributions from private companies. However, a significant purpose of the selected projects is job creation. Considering this, more than half of the 25 projects have committed to labor agreements and can potentially create 8,000 construction jobs and over 4,000 long-term operating jobs.

The next step for these projects involves a negotiation process with the DOE before funding is finalized. Environmental reviews will also be completed during this time. This groundbreaking investment boosts domestic battery manufacturing and strengthens the country’s leadership in the global clean energy transition.

Shifting Dynamics in the U.S. Battery Market

Batteries are crucial to enhancing the U.S. energy grid, powering homes and businesses, and supporting EVs. It’s a known fact that China has dominated the battery market, controlling key minerals like lithium, and rare earth elements. However, U.S. production is rising.

S&P Global forecasts suggest that domestic battery capacity will surge to 603 GWh by 2027 and 1,169 GWh by 2030, boosting the U.S. share of global battery capacity to 16%. In contrast, China’s share is expected to fall from 78% in 2023 to 58% by 2030.

Lithium battery

The market research firm also noted, that China, which is the prime hub for big lithium-ion battery makers such as CATL and BYD, accounted for 82.2% of US battery imports in the second quarter of 2024.

The U.S. is intensifying efforts to boost domestic battery manufacturing by implementing robust measures to protect its interests. Furthermore, The Biden administration is introducing new tariffs on Chinese products, including lithium-ion batteries and EVs.

Lael Brainard remarked to S&P Global that these “tough, targeted measures” aim to counter unfair trade practices by China, enhancing the resilience of the U.S. supply chain. In response, China’s government criticized the tariffs, labeling them as a reflection of U.S. protectionism.

This effort not only propels the US battery industry forward but also drives innovation and minimizes dependence on foreign suppliers. All in all, it would position the country as a leader in clean energy, ensuring access to crucial materials, mainly lithium remains domestic.

Powering the West: How Transmission Projects Can Slash Power-Sector Emissions by 73%

Jennifer L
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Powering the West: How Transmission Projects Can Slash Power-Sector Emissions by 73%

The successful completion of 12 high-voltage electric transmission projects in the US West could dramatically reduce the region’s carbon emissions. It can cut power-sector emissions by 73% from 2005 levels by 2030, according to a recent study by the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL). 

The study underscores the critical role that renewable energy and transmission infrastructure will play in achieving national climate goals, specifically President Biden’s ambition to transition to a 100% carbon-free power system by 2035.

A Holistic Approach to Decarbonization

The 12 transmission projects could unlock over 72 GW of new solar, wind, and battery storage capacity. It can significantly contribute to the region’s decarbonization efforts. Importantly, all of these projects are either in advanced development, under construction, or already operational, making them essential components of the renewable energy expansion in the West.

The study was conducted in connection with the US Department of Energy’s forthcoming National Transmission Planning Study, which seeks to provide insight into regional and interregional grid planning efforts. It predicts a 32% drop in energy generation costs by 2030, assuming the completion of critical transmission projects. 

The research, led by Konstantinos Oikonomou of PNNL, analyzes how the 12 new transmission lines across the Western Interconnection, which will add 3,000 miles of capacity, could lower carbon emissions and enhance grid reliability. With this infrastructure, the region could expand its renewable capacity by 35 GW of wind, 31 GW of solar, and 12 GW of energy storage.

transmission projects in Western Interconnection

In the study, titled the Western Interconnection Baseline Study, PNNL researchers assessed whether the current industry planning processes in the West are aligned with national climate goals. They created a base case using data from the Western Electricity Coordinating Council (WECC). They factored in expected generator additions, retirements, new transmission capacity, and load growth through 2030.

The study then compared this base case with a “high renewables case,” which assumes the completion of 12 high-voltage transmission projects across the region. These projects were selected because they are “sufficiently far along in the development pipeline”. This means that construction is either ongoing or in advanced stages of federal and state permitting.

Unlocking Renewable Potential

One notable project is the Ten West Link transmission line, which began commercial operation in June 2024. Spanning 125 miles, this line is set to deliver over 3 gigawatts (GW) of renewable energy to consumers in California and the Desert Southwest. Owned by Lotus Infrastructure Partners and operated by California ISO, the Ten West Link exemplifies the vital role transmission lines play in decarbonizing the power sector.

Another significant project in the study is the Gateway West project, which stretches 488 miles and is developed by PacifiCorp. This project is specifically designed to transmit wind energy from Wyoming to a substation in Idaho.

PNNL study renewable storage projects

From there, the energy will be further transmitted through the Boardman-to-Hemingway transmission line. This nearly 300-mile line is a collaborative effort by Berkshire Hathaway Energy and other partners.

These interconnected projects showcase a coordinated approach to transferring renewable energy from low-density states, like Wyoming and New Mexico, to more densely populated regions throughout the West.

The complementary nature of these projects is essential for ensuring that renewable energy can flow across long distances. This capability is crucial for reducing carbon emissions in large urban centers, as it enables cities to access cleaner energy sources.

Enhancing Grid Reliability with High Renewables

The transition to renewable energy is essential for reducing carbon emissions and achieving a sustainable power grid in the US. However, integrating more renewable sources, like solar and wind, into the grid presents challenges.

Notably, the PNNL study uses a unique modeling approach called alternating current (AC) power flow modeling. This method differs from the more traditional production cost analysis, which primarily focuses on the cost of energy production. 

Instead, AC power flow modeling allows researchers to simulate how new renewable energy sources affect the grid. They can identify potential weaknesses and vulnerabilities in the grid when high levels of renewables are integrated.

The study found that the additional high-voltage transmission lines would support 29 GW of new solar capacity, 26 GW of onshore wind, 15 GW of battery storage, and 3 GW of offshore wind. 

Additionally, the study assumed that all new solar installations would incorporate 4-hour battery storage with a storage capacity equivalent to 50% of the solar resource’s nameplate capacity. This is a critical feature, as it would make solar and wind energy dispatchable. It means that energy generated by these sources could be stored and used when demand spikes or during periods of low generation.

However, even with these advancements in renewable energy and storage, the study found that some thermal generation capacity may still be required. This is particularly true during the early morning hours when storage systems may not be fully charged or available. 

Nader Samaan, a PNNL power systems research engineer and co-author of the study, noted that:

“This could be one of the more challenging periods, where you need to have some thermal generation on your system to help with the morning ramp-up period.”

The completion of the transmission projects represents a significant step toward achieving a carbon-free power system in the US West by 2035. The study highlights the importance of advancing transmission infrastructure to support the nation’s decarbonization goals.

Can BC Hydro’s Clean Energy Push Transform British Columbia’s Power Grid?

Saptakee S
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Can BC Hydro’s Clean Energy Push Transform British Columbia’s Power Grid?

BC Hydro, the government-owned electric utility company, supplies electricity to 95% population of British Columbia. In April 2024, they called for acquiring 3,000 GWh of clean energy to bolster B.C.’s electricity grid. Quite surprisingly, the government recently announced an overwhelming response to BC Hydro’s call for clean energy. Independent producers across the province submitted proposals that boosted the capacity 3X more than what they expected, totaling 9,000 GWh.

Josie Osborne, Minister of Energy, Mines and Low Carbon Innovation

“We need more clean energy to power our homes, businesses and industries, to power growing communities and to power our future. Building an economy powered by clean, reliable and affordable electricity is one of the job-creation opportunities of our generation. Through regular calls for power and BC Hydro’s 10-year capital plan, we are creating over 10,000 construction jobs and driving sustainable growth across the province.”

From Diverse Projects to Economic Growth, BC Hydro Set to Revolutionize the Energy Landscape of British Columbia

Unlike other regions, British Columbia’s hydroelectric system offers a key advantage for integrating intermittent renewables like wind and solar. Hydroelectric dams, acting as energy reservoirs, can store water and release it when needed. This flexibility allows BC Hydro to balance the grid, ensuring consistent power amid adverse weather. Concisely, the hydroelectric dams are stable and reliable sources of clean energy.

  • The 21 submitted proposals cover a wide range of renewable sources, with approximately 70% focusing on wind power, 20% on solar, and 10% on biomass and hydroelectric projects.

The projects span almost every region of British Columbia, namely the southern Interior, central Interior, north coast, Peace Region, and Vancouver Island. The government also highlighted that this was the first competitive energy call in over 15 years.

As BC Hydro evaluates the proposals, electricity purchase agreements are expected by December. Construction of these clean energy projects could start by fall 2028, bringing an estimated $2.3 to $3.6 billion in private investment and creating 800 to 1,500 jobs annually across the province.

Electricity Generation by Fuel Type (2021)

british columbia renewable energy

Source: Canada Energy Regulator

Ongoing Investments Driving BC Hydro’s Future

Chris O’Riley, president and CEO, of BC Hydro emphasized the significant changes they are making to enhance connections timeless in newly constructed homes and buildings.

He further added,

“In growing municipalities like Vancouver, where we are seeing substantial population growth and increasing residential, commercial and industrial customers clean electricity needs, we are embarking on significant upgrades to our electricity system, including adding new substations and expanding existing substations, transmission lines and distribution network to ensure we can continue to provide reliable and clean electricity to our customers.”

The company revealed that it is just not boosting clean electricity generation but also upgrading its transmission and distribution networks. In January 2024, the company rolled out a 10-year, $36 billion capital plan to expand infrastructure and support clean growth. These projects will create 10,500 to 12,500 jobs annually, while ensuring a stable energy supply as large projects, like the Site C dam, wrap up.

Site C BC HYDRO
Site C dam artist render

Source BC Hydro

Furthermore, it will be holding competitive power calls every two years to keep pace with British Columbia’s growing economy and the need for renewable energy. This approach also fortifies the electrical grid and ensures that clean energy reaches homes, businesses, and industries while keeping electricity rates affordable.

In addition to increasing the electricity generation in the province, BC Hydro is also investing to expand and strengthen its transmission and distribution system through its capital plan. Upgrading BC Hydro’s electricity grid will ensure that clean power can be delivered to new homes, businesses, and industries when and where they need it.

Latest: BC Hydro Unveils High-Powered EV Charging Stations

In its latest news release, the company unveiled its plans to expand its electric vehicle (EV) fast charging network, adding two new 180-kilowatt chargers in Vanderhoof. These chargers will help British Columbians transition from gas-powered vehicles to those that run on clean electricity.

George Heyman, Minister of Environment and Climate Change Strategy assured that,

“These new stations will help British Columbians travel quickly and reliably using clean energy,” stated. More charging options also contribute to our goal of reducing climate-changing emissions by 40% by 2030.”

GHG EMISSION BRITISH COLUMBIASource: Climate Change Accountability Report, British Columbia

This initiative reflects the growing enthusiasm for EVs among British Columbians. With over 170,000 EVs already on the road, BC Hydro anticipates this number could soar to between 700,000 and 900,000 in the next decade.

Overall, BC Hydro’s clean energy goals are set to transform the landscape of British Columbia. This shift will create a greener environment, allowing both residents and businesses to thrive.

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