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Silver Falls 45% From Its 2026 Peak as Sierra Madre Scales Up Production

Disseminated on behalf of Sierra Madre Gold & Silver Ltd.

Silver has had a volatile 2026. It has pulled back sharply from its 2026 peak. The metal reached a 52-week high of about $115 per ounce in January before falling sharply during the year.ย 

By mid-September, silver futures had dropped to about $63 per ounce, roughly 45% below that peak. Prices later recovered to around $66.70 by September 18.

That move highlights an important shift for silver producers. The market is no longer simply a story of rising prices. Producers now have to operate through a much wider price range while managing costs, production growth, and capital spending.

The decline has changed the operating backdrop for silver producers, but the underlying supply picture remains tight.

According to the World Silver Survey 2026, global silver mine production increased 3% in 2025 to 846.6 million ounces. Recycling added another 197.6 million ounces. Yet, total demand reached 1.13 billion ounces, leaving the market with a 40.3 million-ounce deficit, the fifth consecutive annual shortfall.

Metals Focus expects another deficit in 2026, estimated at 46.3 million ounces. That backdrop matters for Sierra Madre Gold & Silver as it moves from restarting one mine to building a larger production base.

The changing silver price environment, therefore, tests the company’s strategy: how does an operating producer manage growth when the commodity price can move sharply in either direction?

Silverโ€™s 2026 Rally Gives Way to a Sharp Reset

Silver entered 2026 at elevated levels after a strong run in late 2025 and early 2026, but it significantly dropped this month. The decline was not driven by one factor alone.

silver price

Higher U.S. Treasury yields, a stronger dollar, and changing expectations for Federal Reserve policy have affected precious metals. Silver can also experience larger price swings than gold because it combines investment demand with industrial uses.

Recently, silver had recovered to over $66 per ounce. That rebound, however, does not erase the earlier decline. Instead, it shows why mining companies must plan around changing commodity prices rather than rely on a single price environment.

For Sierra Madre, that distinction matters because the company is already generating revenue from an operating mine.

La Guitarra Is Already Generating Silver Revenue

La Guitarra is no longer simply a development project. Sierra Madre restarted commercial production at the Mexican mine on January 1, 2025. The operation includes an underground mine and a processing plant that previously operated at 500 tonnes per day.

Moreover, the company reported 66,691 ounces of silver sold in Q2 2026, compared with 65,683 ounces in the same quarter of 2025.

The mine generated US$25 million of revenue and US$8.9 million of gross profit in 2025, its first full year back in production.

In the first half of 2026, La Guitarra generated another US$18.3 million of revenue and US$3.5 million of adjusted EBITDA. Sierra Madre also repaid its US$5 million First Majestic loan in July and ended June with US$22.2 million in cash and US$25 million in working capital.

The company received US$75.65 per silver-equivalent ounce sold in Q2 2026, compared with US$33.22 a year earlier.

Those figures show the effect that higher realized metal prices had on revenue. But they also highlight why future results cannot simply be extrapolated from the second quarter.

The spot and futures market has since moved below the $75.65 realized silver price reported for Q2. If lower prices persist, the company could face lower revenue per ounce even as production increases. That makes the production ramp-up increasingly important.

La Guitarra Is Already Generating Silver Revenue

That higher realized price helped offset higher costs during a development-heavy quarter.

Sierra Madre reported all-in sustaining costs of US$54.73 per ounce produced, up from US$32.54 a year earlier. The company attributed the increase to development ore, lower recoveries, power outages, a stronger Mexican peso, and higher royalties.

The cost increase shows why the silver price pullback matters. Higher metal prices can support revenue and margins, but production growth can also bring temporary cost pressure.

SEE MORE: Sierra Madre: Breathing New Life into Mexicoโ€™s Silver and Gold Heartland

Sierra Madre Pushes La Guitarra Toward Higher Throughput

Sierra Madre is working to increase processing capacity at La Guitarra. The first phase is expected to bring capacity to about 750โ€“800 tonnes per day, with the company expecting the expansion to come online before the end of Q3 2026.ย 

  • A second phase is planned to increase capacity to 1,200โ€“1,500 tonnes per day by Q3 2027.
Sierra Madre Project Timeline
Source: Sierra Madre Gold and Silver Ltd. corporate presentation,

The company reported that throughput had reached as high as 672 tonnes per day in August, as it continued to ramp up the operation. This timing matters.

Higher throughput can increase the number of ounces produced and sold, although the actual financial benefit will depend on factors including grades, recoveries, operating costs, capital requirements and the silver and gold prices received.

Sierra Madre reported Q2 2026 cash costs of $49.28 per silver-equivalent ounce produced, compared with $26.89 in Q2 2025. Its all-in sustaining cash cost was $54.73 per silver-equivalent ounce, versus $32.54 a year earlier.

The company said it expects higher production from the expansion, along with a reduction in costs as the operation scales up. That makes the next stage of the ramp-up particularly important in a lower-price environment.

Del Toro Adds Another Mexican Silver Asset

Sierra Madre added a second permitted silver mine to its portfolio in June 2026 with the acquisition of the Del Toro Silver Mine in Zacatecas, Mexico.

Del Toro

The company closed the deal with First Majestic Silver on June 22, 2026. First Majestic previously operated Del Toro from 2013 to 2019 and invested about US$175 million to build the operation.

The site includes three underground mines โ€” San Juan, Perseverancia and Dolores โ€” with more than 60 kilometres of underground development. It also has a 3,000-tonne-per-day flotation circuit and about 3,650 tpd of installed mill capacity.

Del Toro has a production history. It averaged 2.54 million silver-equivalent ounces per year from 2015 to 2018 under First Majestic.

Sierra Madre plans to restart the mine at a smaller scale. The company expects to spend about US$10 million initially, targeting 800 tpd, with a potential increase to 1,600 tpd. The restart is targeted for mid-2027, with production expected to begin in mid-2028.

Exploration will also be important. Sierra Madre has identified 23 deposits at Del Toro and plans about 30,000 metres of diamond drilling at a cost of roughly US$12 million.

A 2020 historical estimate reported 7.57 million silver-equivalent ounces of measured and indicated material and 11.18 million ounces of inferred material. These figures are historical and are not current mineral resources.ย 

Historic Del Toro MRE (2020)

Sierra Madre plans new drilling and resource modelling to establish an updated resource.

The acquisition gives the company another developed Mexican silver asset with existing infrastructure, past production and exploration upside, while the company continues expanding La Guitarra.

Mexico Matters to the Silver Supply Story

Del Toro also places Sierra Madre in one of the world’s most important silver-producing countries.

Mexico produced 172.9 million ounces of silver in 2025, down 5% from 181.1 million ounces in 2024. Still, it remained the world’s largest silver-producing country and accounted for about 20% of global mine supply.

global silver production

That makes Mexico an important part of the global supply story, while Zacatecas itself has a long history of silver production.

The Katusa Research report notes that roughly half of global silver production comes from Latin America, with Mexico accounting for about one-fifth of global output.

Sierra Madre’s strategy therefore combines existing Mexican infrastructure with a market where new supply remains difficult to bring online quickly.

Lower Silver Prices Put More Focus on Mine Execution

The silver pullback changes the economics of new production, even if the longer-term supply deficit remains. For Sierra Madre, the key issue is no longer simply whether silver prices are rising. The company now has to execute two different stages of growth.

La Guitarra needs to increase throughput while bringing costs under control. Del Toro needs to move through drilling, resource definition, mine planning, and restart work before it can contribute production.

The company is therefore entering a more demanding phase. The next stage of Sierra Madre’s story will depend on how efficiently it converts existing infrastructure, resources, and permits into production.

For now, La Guitarra provides an operating base while Del Toro offers a second potential source of growth. The silver price has pulled back, but Sierra Madre’s production strategy is moving forward.ย 


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Google Commits $17 Billion to Wyoming Data Center With Carbon Capture Power Plan

Google is investing $17 billion in its first data center in Wyoming, as the company expands its artificial intelligence (AI) infrastructure in the United States. The project will use a mix of natural gas generation and fuel cells, with carbon capture and storage (CCS) planned for part of its power supply.

The project will be built in Laramie County near Cheyenne. Google is working with energy companies Tallgrass Energy, Black Hills Energy, and American Electric Power (AEP), along with data center developer Related Digital.

A key part of the plan is a 702-megawatt (MW) fuel cell development that will run on natural gas and include CCS technology. Bloom Energy will provide the fuel cells. Captured carbon dioxide will go to an underground storage site run by Tallgrass.

The project highlights a growing challenge for technology companies. AI boosts the need for data centers and electricity. However, it’s tough to meet this demand and cut emissions at the same time.

Googleโ€™s $17B Wyoming Data Center Takes Shape

Google announced that the Wyoming project is a long-term investment. It aims to boost its data infrastructure and create economic opportunities in the state.

The company expects the development to generate hundreds of millions of dollars in local property taxes for Laramie County and School District 1. It also plans to support education, workforce training, and local business development. The project is being developed with four main partners:

  • Tallgrass Energy: Supporting natural gas generation and carbon storage infrastructure.
  • Black Hills Energy: Providing power generation and managing energy resources through a private microgrid.
  • American Electric Power: Contracted to develop the 702 MW fuel cell project.
  • Related Digital: Supporting the data center development.

Google has not disclosed the facility’s total power demand or final data center capacity. Earlier plans for the site described a large campus with several data halls and supporting buildings, while construction is expected to continue through 2031.

The development was previously associated with Crusoe under the name Project Jade. The tech giant later took over the project, which is now known as Project Tembo.

Natural Gas Fuel Cells Will Power Part of the Facility

The most notable energy feature is the planned 702 MW fuel cell development with carbon capture. Fuel cells generate electricity through an electrochemical reaction rather than burning fuel in the same way as conventional power plants. However, the system planned for Wyoming will still use natural gas, which produces carbon emissions.

Bloom Energy will supply the fuel cells, while AEP will own and operate the power facility. Google has contracted with AEP to use its electricity under a power purchase agreement.

AEP announced in October that it plans to invest about $4 billion in the fuel cell project. The company expects to begin construction in 2026 and bring the facility into full operation by the end of 2028.

The fuel cells will be connected to Tallgrass’s Eastern Wyoming Sequestration Hub. The CCS system captures most carbon emissions from fuel cell development and stores COโ‚‚ safely underground for the long term.

Google stated in its announcement:

“The CCS technology will enable the capture and permanent geologic storage of a large majority of its carbon emissions at Tallgrassโ€™s nearby Eastern Wyoming Sequestration Hub. This project builds on our first CCS project in the U.S. announced last fall, and brings our total contracted CCS capacity to nearly 1 gigawatt.”

However, Google has not provided a specific capture rate or a project-level emissions estimate. The final climate benefit depends on three factors: how much COโ‚‚ the system captures, its reliability, and the emissions from natural gas supply and power generation.

Googleโ€™s Wyoming Data Center Infographic

More Natural Gas Generation Will Support Energy Demand

The fuel cell development is only one part of the data center’s energy supply. Google will also source electricity from natural gas generators operated by Tallgrass Energy and Black Hills Energy. It is studying whether Tallgrass’s combined-cycle gas turbines can be fitted with carbon capture technology.

Black Hills has already signed agreements to serve the planned data center. The company plans to offer up to 590 MW of grid-connected energy. It will also manage around 2.1 GW of third-party contracted resources via a private microgrid.

To support the project, Black Hills plans to invest $1.8 billion between 2027 and 2029 to build 564 MW of new natural gas generation. The company expects the data center to begin taking energy service in late 2027, with demand rising toward its peak by 2030.

These plans show the scale of the energy infrastructure needed to support the new campus. They also make clear that natural gas will remain an important part of its electricity supply, even as Google adds carbon capture to one major power source.

Google said it will pay for 100% of the electricity it uses and cover infrastructure costs directly caused by its growth. The arrangements aim to keep the project’s energy costs from falling on local utility customers.

AI Boom Drives Demand for More Data Center Electricity

The Wyoming investment comes as AI drives a sharp rise in electricity demand from data centers. The International Energy Agency (IEA) reported that global data center electricity use rose 17% in 2025. Power demand from AI-focused data centers grew even faster.

The agency’s 2026 analysis estimates that total data center electricity consumption could nearly double, from 485 terawatt-hours (TWh) in 2025 to about 950 TWh by 2030. Electricity use from AI-focused data centers could triple over the same period. The following chart shows where the power for data centers will be coming from by 2035.

data center power sources, renewables, iea
Source: IEA

This growth is pushing technology companies to secure new sources of power. Renewable energy is key to their long-term plans, but natural gas is also becoming important. It can supply electricity when wind and solar power are low.

The IEA expects renewables to meet nearly half of the additional electricity demand from data centers through 2030. However, natural gas and coal together could supply more than 40% of that growth.

Google’s Wyoming project reflects this wider trend. The company is combining natural gas generation, fuel cells, and carbon capture to secure a large and steady power supply for its data infrastructure.

Carbon Capture Could Help, But Emissions Remain a Concern

CCS can reduce emissions from fossil fuel-based power generation by capturing COโ‚‚ before it reaches the atmosphere and storing it underground.

The IEA says established power-sector capture systems have generally targeted rates of around 85% to 90%. Still, even at these levels, some emissions remain. A net-zero energy system would need to address these residual emissions through higher capture rates or other measures.

CCS also adds costs and uses some of the electricity generated by a power plant. The Congressional Budget Office says that adding CCS to a new power plant can significantly increase construction costs. It can also lower the amount of electricity available for sale.

For Google’s Wyoming project, the actual results will depend on the final design and performance of the capture and storage system. The company has not yet disclosed the expected volume of COโ‚‚ captured each year or the emissions intensity of the electricity supplied to the data center.

Google’s wider climate record also provides important context. Its 2026 Environmental Report, covering 2025, said the company contracted more than 12 GW of new clean energy during the year. It also said its operations and supply chain cut over 58 million tonnes of COโ‚‚ equivalent. This was done through energy procurement, hardware and software efficiency, and other actions.

Google clean energy portfolio
Source: Google

These figures reflect company-wide activities and should not be treated as emissions reductions from the Wyoming project.

Air Cooling Aims to Reduce the Data Centerโ€™s Water Footprint

Energy is not the only environmental issue facing large data centers. Their cooling systems can also put pressure on local water supplies.

The tech giant said the Wyoming facility will use air cooling to reduce its impact on local water resources. Unlike systems that rely heavily on evaporative cooling, air-cooled systems use air to remove heat from equipment.

The company also plans to work with local institutions on education, job training, and community investment. Google said it has met with more than 200 residents in Laramie County and is forming a Community Council with its project partners to discuss local concerns.

The development is expected to create jobs and increase local tax revenue. But its scale also raises questions about electricity supply, natural gas use, carbon storage, and the long-term environmental effects of AI infrastructure.

Google’s $17 billion investment shows how quickly the technology sector is building new energy-intensive facilities. Its Wyoming project will test whether carbon capture can help reduce the emissions linked to that growth. The answer will depend on how much carbon the system actually captures and stores once the facility begins operating.

Canada Needs C$2.2 Billion to Scale Carbon Removal by 2030, Report Finds

Canada needs about C$2.2 billion in new investment to grow its carbon dioxide removal (CDR) industry by 2030, according to a new report by Carbon Removal Canada. The report, Tracking the Tonnes 2026, says Canada needs to reach 2 million tonnes of annual carbon removal capacity by 2030. However, its 16 operating projects can currently remove only 98,250 tonnes of COโ‚‚ each year.

Canada has a growing project pipeline and strong natural resources. However, limited funding, weak buyer demand, and policy gaps are slowing the industry’s growth.

The report warns that Canada could fall behind other countries unless it creates stronger demand and helps projects secure the money they need to grow.

Canadaโ€™s Operating Carbon Removal Capacity Remains Small

As of November 1, 2026, Canada had 16 operating carbon removal projects across six provinces. Together, they had the capacity to remove 98,250 tonnes of COโ‚‚ per year. That is nearly three times the capacity reported in 2023.

However, growth has slowed. Operating capacity increased by only 150 tonnes between 2025 and 2026. Canada now needs to add about 1.9 million tonnes of annual capacity to reach its 2030 target.

The project pipeline offers room for growth. The report identifies 38 projects, including two under construction. Together, they represent nearly 12 million tonnes of planned annual capacity and about C$9 billion in estimated investment. But planned capacity is not the same as operating capacity. Many projects still need funding, buyers, permits, or other support before they can move ahead.

The two projects under construction, in Ontario and Saskatchewan, are expected to add 27,500 tonnes of annual capacity by the end of 2027. If completed on time, they could raise Canada’s current operating capacity by nearly 30%.

Canada carbon removal by 2030
Source: Carbon Removal Canada

Why Canada Needs C$2.2B in New Investment

Carbon Removal Canada estimates that reaching the 2030 target will require about C$2.2 billion in new public and private investment.

The report says this is less than 0.5% of the C$500 billion that Canadian financial institutions have committed to the wider economy. Yet getting money to carbon removal projects remains a challenge.

Many companies can attract early funding from venture investors. But they often struggle to raise the larger sums needed to test their technology at a commercial scale.

This creates a funding gap between early development and full commercial operations. Projects at this stage may be too costly for startup funding but still too risky for traditional lenders.

The report found that 13 of the 15 equity deals recorded in Canada’s carbon removal sector since 2024 took place at or before Series A funding. The number of deals also fell from six in 2025 to three in 2026.

Carbon Removal Canada says the industry needs more support for demonstration projects. It also recommends a mix of government purchases, grants, equity, debt, and long-term purchase agreements.

These tools could help companies prove their technology works, attract private investors, and move projects toward commercial operations.

operational and planned carbon removal project canada
Source: Carbon Removal Canada

Corporate Demand for Carbon Removal Remains Weak

More projects will not guarantee industry growth. Canada also needs more companies willing to buy carbon removal credits.

A 2025 report by the Pembina Institute, Growing Curiosity: 2025 Scan of Carbon Dioxide Removal Buyers in Canada, surveyed 247 organizations operating in the country. It found that only 4% were engaged buyers with active plans to purchase durable carbon removal credits. Another 8% were interested but had no current purchase plans. The remaining 88% were not engaged.

High prices remain a major barrier for companies considering their first purchases. Still, there are signs of growing interest. Among engaged buyers, 67% planned to purchase carbon removal credits before the end of 2026.

Corporate purchases can give developers a source of revenue and help them attract investment. Some buyers also agree to purchase future removals before a project is built. These deals can give developers more certainty when raising funds.

The Canadian government has also started supporting demand. In March 2026, it launched a C$10 million standing offer to buy carbon removal credits from Canadian projects.

Carbon Removal Canada recommends turning this into a larger, multi-year program. Regular government purchases could give developers a more reliable source of demand.

Carbon removal projects 2026
Source: Carbon Removal Canada

Canada Has Strong Resources But Needs Clearer Policies

Canada has several advantages that could support a larger carbon removal industry. These include low-carbon electricity, geological storage sites, biomass, coastlines, and an established mining sector.

A January 2026 report by the Canada Energy Regulator identified 78 carbon removal companies and 48 active and planned projects in the country. It also reviewed the costs of different removal methods.

These include direct air capture, which pulls COโ‚‚ from the air, and bioenergy with carbon capture and storage. Other methods include biochar, enhanced rock weathering, and carbon mineralization.

The estimated costs vary widely. Direct air capture could cost US$100 to US$300 per tonne once scaled. Enhanced rock weathering could cost US$50 to US$200 per tonne, while biochar could cost US$10 to US$345 per tonne.

These are estimates for scaled operations, not prices for every project today. Actual costs depend on the technology, location, energy needs, and storage method.

Policy gaps also create problems. Canada’s provinces and territories have different rules for carbon storage, incentives, and carbon markets. This can make it harder for companies to plan projects and attract investors.

In September 2026, the federal government said it was exploring a framework for international carbon market cooperation under Article 6 of the Paris Agreement. This could help Canadian projects sell eligible credits to buyers in other countries.

Carbon Removal Canada recommends including carbon removal in this framework and in existing compliance programs, such as the Clean Fuel Regulations. It also calls for wider investment tax credits and more funding for demonstration projects.

Canadaโ€™s Carbon Removal Push Infographic

Canada Faces Growing Competition Abroad

The report compared Canada’s policies with those in the European Union, Germany, the United Kingdom, Japan, and the United States.

Canada has made progress through its government purchase program, investment incentives, and provincial rules for carbon storage. However, the report says the EU, Germany, and the UK are moving faster to create long-term demand.

The EU has introduced a carbon removal certification framework and proposed including large-scale removals in its emissions trading system. Germany supports carbon removal research and industrial projects. The UK is also working toward including carbon removal in its emissions trading scheme.

These policies can give developers more confidence that buyers will be available when projects begin operating.

The global market is growing, too. The third edition of The State of Carbon Dioxide Removal, published in June 2026, estimated that newer carbon removal methods remove about 2 million tonnes of COโ‚‚ each year. Deployment is growing by around 40% annually, but much faster growth will be needed to meet climate targets.

For Canada, the opportunity goes beyond its own climate goals. Carbon removal could support industries such as mining, forestry, steel, agriculture, and energy. It could also help Canadian producers serve markets that place greater value on lower-carbon products.

Funding and Policy Will Determine Whether Canada Meets Its 2030 Goal

Carbon Removal Canada says the next few years will be critical. Its recommendations focus on five areas: expanding access to international carbon markets, including removals in compliance programs, funding demonstration projects, widening tax incentives, and increasing government purchases.

The report estimates that about 20 Canadian companies could begin building demonstration projects in 2027 if the right support is available. Canada has many of the resources needed to build a strong carbon removal industry. But its project pipeline alone will not deliver the 2030 target.

The estimated C$2.2 billion is the additional investment needed to reach the target. It is not money already committed or guaranteed. Canadaโ€™s progress will depend on whether it can attract that funding, build a stronger base of buyers, and give developers clear rules to move projects from plans to operations.

Logitech Launches “Chain Reaction” to Cut Supply Chain Emissions and Support 2030 Climate Goal

Logitech is expanding its efforts to cut supply chain emissions with a new program that will help manufacturing partners switch to cleaner energy and improve factory efficiency.

The company announced Chain Reaction, a global supply chain decarbonization program. It will begin with 17 key suppliers and give them access to renewable energy purchasing, factory assessments, technical support, and new business incentives.

The program supports Logitechโ€™s science-based target to halve its Scope 3 greenhouse gas emissions by 2030. It also aims to help suppliers lower operating costs, reduce energy waste, and build their own plans to cut emissions.

The launch comes as Logitech reports progress on its climate goals. In fiscal year 2026, the company reduced its total Scope 3 emissions by 33% compared with its 2021 baseline. The reduction was third-party verified and calculated under the Greenhouse Gas Protocol.

Elaine Laird, chief people and sustainability officer at Logitech, remarked:

“Real value-chain decarbonization happens directly on the factory floor. Our suppliers understand their operations best. Chain Reaction helps our manufacturing partners access the practical tools, technical evaluations and clean energy solutions they need to optimize their operations and lead their own decarbonization roadmaps.”

Logitech’s Four-Part Program Targets Supplier Emissions

Chain Reaction will work with an initial group of 17 suppliers. Logitech will support them through four main areas.

  • The first is access to affordable clean energy. Suppliers will combine their purchasing power to buy renewable energy instruments as a group. This approach can help them secure clean electricity at competitive prices and reduce exposure to energy price changes.
  • The second area focuses on factory energy use. Suppliers will carry out factory assessments to find ways to improve energy, heating, cooling, and mechanical systems. These reviews can help identify where facilities waste energy and where equipment or processes could work more efficiently.
  • Third, Logitech will provide technical support. Suppliers will have access to workshops, expert advice, roundtable discussions, and innovation sessions. The company will also develop reporting tools with suppliers to make carbon accounting easier and reduce paperwork.
  • The fourth part links climate progress to business opportunities. Logitech plans to include carbon transparency and emissions reductions in regular supplier reviews and decisions on new business awards.

This means suppliers’ progress on climate action will become part of their commercial relationship with Logitech, rather than remaining a separate sustainability activity.

Why Supply Chain Emissions Is Crucial for Logitech Climate Goals

Scope 3 emissions come from activities across a company’s value chain, both before and after its own operations. They can include emissions from purchased materials, manufacturing by suppliers, transportation, product use, and disposal.

Scope 3 reporting helps companies measure emissions across their supply chains, from raw materials and manufacturing to transport and product use. The OECDโ€™s 2025 Global Corporate Sustainability Report found that, in 2024, 7,712 listed companies disclosed at least one Scope 3 category, representing 76% of global market capitalization. This shows growing recognition of value chain emissions, but reporting gaps remain.

The GHG Protocol says measuring these emissions helps businesses identify reduction opportunities and manage climate risks, while ISSBโ€™s IFRS S2 includes relevant Scope 3 disclosure requirements.

For a hardware company such as Logitech, these emissions can arise from many activities outside its direct control. This makes supplier cooperation important to meeting its climate targets. The company has the following climate targets:

Logitech climate goals
Data is from Logitech Report

Under the Greenhouse Gas Protocol, Scope 3 emissions cover indirect emissions linked to a company’s upstream and downstream activities. Reducing them often requires businesses to work with suppliers, customers, and other partners.

Logitech’s new program focuses on manufacturing partners. The company helps suppliers boost factory efficiency and use renewable electricity, with the aim of cutting emissions from product production.

The approach also gives suppliers a reason to take action. Improving energy efficiency can cut electricity and operating costs. Moreover, buying renewable energy helps manage fluctuating energy prices.

Logitech Reports 33% Cut in Scope 3 Emissions

Chain Reaction builds on progress reported in Logitech’s Fiscal Year 2026 Impact Highlights Report, released in July 2026. The company said it reduced Scope 3 emissions by 33% compared with its 2021 baseline. It also reported a 49% reduction in Scope 1 and Scope 2 emissions against its 2019 baseline.

Logitech impact fy2026
Source: Logitech

Scope 1 covers direct emissions from sources a company owns or controls. Scope 2 covers emissions from the electricity and other energy it buys. Scope 3 covers the wider value chain.

Logitech also reported more than 200,000 metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent in avoided emissions during calendar year 2025. This figure was calculated against a scenario in which the company took no action.

Other progress included the use of post-consumer recycled plastic in 81% of its products. Logitech also said it removed 2,500 metric tons of packaging material over the three years from 2023 to 2025.

These figures show that the company is working on several parts of its environmental footprint. However, the 33% Scope 3 reduction is a company-wide result. Logitech has not said how much of that reduction came from supplier energy projects alone.

logitech avoided emissions
Source: Logitech

Chain Reaction Builds on Earlier Renewable Energy Work

Logitech has worked with suppliers on renewable electricity for several years. In 2020, the company launched the Logitech-Suppliers Renewable Electricity Buyers Club. The initiative helps major suppliers access and bulk-buy third-party certified renewable electricity.

Logitech says it has continued to support the buyers club through a shared purchasing portal. Its Fiscal Year 2025 sustainability update also reported that 64 suppliers had purchased renewable energy in 2024. These purchases addressed more than 90,000 metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent linked to supply chain manufacturing.

Chain Reaction expands this work. In addition to clean energy purchasing, it adds factory assessments, technical guidance, shared reporting tools, and commercial recognition for supplier progress.

The wider approach is designed to help suppliers identify emissions sources and make changes within their own facilities. It also gives them tools and knowledge that may support their work with other customers, not only Logitech.

Suppliers Could Gain Cost and Business Benefits

Logitech says cutting emissions can also improve factory operations. More efficient equipment and processes can reduce energy waste and lower operating costs. Access to renewable electricity can also help suppliers manage long-term energy risks.

The program’s commercial recognition is another important feature. By including carbon performance in supplier reviews and new business awards, Logitech is making emissions progress more relevant to future business opportunities.

Elaine Laird, Logitech’s chief people and sustainability officer, said suppliers understand their own operations best. The program aims to give them the tools and technical support to lead their own emissions-reduction plans.

Sree Chenincherry, the company’s chief supply chain operations officer, added that lower energy use and cleaner power can create cost savings while strengthening the wider supply chain.

However, Logitech hasnโ€™t shared details about expected emissions cuts from Chain Reaction. They also havenโ€™t revealed how much renewable electricity suppliers will buy or when the program will grow beyond the initial 17 participants.

Supplier Progress Will Shape Logitech’s 2030 Climate Goal

Logitech’s Chain Reaction program puts suppliers at the center of its next phase of climate action. It combines cleaner energy purchasing with factory improvements, technical support, and business incentives.

The company has already reported a 33% reduction in Scope 3 emissions from its 2021 baseline. But reaching its goal of cutting these emissions in half by 2030 will require continued progress across its value chain.

The new program could help suppliers make that progress while improving their own energy use and operating costs. Its impact will depend on how many suppliers take part, how much emissions they reduce, and whether the approach can grow beyond the initial group.

For now, Chain Reaction marks a further step in Logitech’s effort to make supply chain decarbonization part of its business operations and supplier relationships.

Climate Adaptation Investment Could Reach $1.2 Trillion a Year by 2050 Says McKinsey

Climate adaptation could become a major investment opportunity as rising temperatures increase the need to protect people, businesses, and infrastructure from extreme weather. A report from McKinsey Global Institute estimates that $460 billion in annual adaptation costs could be ready for deployment by 2050.

The report, Advancing Adaptation: Breaking Barriers to a Trillion-Dollar Opportunity, examines 20 established measures that protect against four major climate risks: extreme heat, wildfires, drought, and flooding.

McKinsey estimates that the full annual cost of protecting people and assets from these hazards could reach $1.2 trillion by 2050 under a 2ยฐC warming scenario. Yet, only about 40% of that amount, or $460 billion, could be ready for deployment under current conditions.

The findings point to growing demand for cooling systems, flood defenses, irrigation, and other climate-resilience solutions. However, financing gaps, high costs, and weak incentives could prevent many projects from moving forward.

How Climate Protection Costs Could Reach $1.2 Trillion a Year

McKinsey estimates that annual costs for the 20 adaptation measures it studied could rise from about $540 billion in 2020 to $1.2 trillion by 2050. These figures include the cost of building, operating, and maintaining adaptation systems. They are expressed in 2020 dollars.

climate adaptation cost 2050 McKinsey
Source: McKinsey & Company

The estimate uses a scenario in which global temperatures reach 2ยฐC above preindustrial levels by mid-century. It is a planning scenario, not a firm prediction.

Heat and drought would account for about three-quarters of the total. More than half of the estimated annual cost would go toward heat protection, with cooling systems such as air conditioners making up the largest share. Drought protection would account for about one-fifth, including irrigation.

The remaining costs would cover measures such as flood defenses, drainage systems, wildfire protection, and early-warning systems.

About 40% of the total cost would go toward capital spending, such as building levees and buying cooling equipment. The other 60% would cover operating costs, including maintenance, electricity, and water.

Protection against heat and drought cost
Source: McKinsey & Company

Why Only $460 Billion Could Be Ready for Deployment

Not all adaptation needs can easily become funded projects. McKinsey estimates that $460 billion a year could be deployment-ready by 2050, equal to 40% of the $1.2 trillion annual need.

  • This is more than twice the roughly $190 billion currently spent each year on the 20 measures studied.

Deployment-ready projects have clear demand and can attract financing. Households, businesses, or governments have a reason and ability to pay, while lenders and investors can provide funding on acceptable terms.

More than two-thirds of the $460 billion opportunity could be in high-income regions. These areas are more likely to have the resources and financial systems needed to support investment.

Potential opportunities include active and passive cooling, stormwater management, early-warning systems, and irrigation. Companies could also benefit from demand for equipment installation, maintenance, and building upgrades.

However, the $460 billion figure is an estimate of potential annual adaptation costs that could be deployed. It is not a forecast of actual spending or guaranteed company revenue.

Financing and Affordability Are Major Barriers

The other $690 billion in annual adaptation costs could face major barriers by 2050. McKinsey identifies affordability and access to financing as key challenges. The largest barrier is cost. Innovation could make about $440 billion of adaptation measures more affordable and ready for deployment.

Another $210 billion could move forward if governments and businesses improve incentives, coordination, and public awareness of the benefits. This includes projects that require cooperation between government agencies or stronger reasons for households and companies to invest.

The remaining $40 billion could become easier to finance through new revenue models and funding structures. These could help projects such as early-warning systems attract lenders, even when their benefits do not produce direct income.

Some projects are difficult to fund because they prevent future losses but do not generate steady revenue. Flood defenses, for example, can protect entire communities, but the benefits may be spread across many people while the costs fall on one government or organization. This creates a gap between the value of a project to society and its ability to attract private investment.

Lower-Income Regions Face the Largest Funding Gap

The report finds that poorer regions face greater challenges in turning adaptation needs into funded projects. Less than 20% of the investment needed in Sub-Saharan Africa and India under the 2ยฐC scenario is expected to be deployment-ready. In higher-income regions, more than half could meet that standard.

Protection at developed economy standards cost
Source: McKinsey & Company

The cost of protection is also higher relative to local economic capacity. By 2050, adaptation costs could equal about 2% to 3% of exposed GDP in India and Sub-Saharan Africa. In higher-income regions such as North America, the European Union, and advanced Asia, the share could be around 0.3% to 0.5%.

Financing risks also differ. In lower-income regions, lenders may worry that borrowers cannot repay loans. In wealthier regions, projects may face revenue risks because they do not generate enough direct income to support private financing.

This means the regions that need climate protection most may have the hardest time paying for it. Despite these barriers, McKinsey finds that adaptation can provide strong economic returns.

Climate Protection Could Deliver Up to 7x Its Cost

Across the 20 measures studied, the benefits from avoided damage were roughly three times their costs in 2020. That ratio could rise to about seven times costs under the 2ยฐC scenario.

Benefits include less damage to buildings and infrastructure, lower crop and business losses, and fewer health impacts. Adaptation can also help protect jobs and extend the useful life of exposed assets.

However, results vary by location and project. Poorly planned measures can also create new problems. For example, flood defenses in one area could increase flood risks elsewhere. Air conditioning can protect people from heat but also raises electricity demand.

Careful planning is therefore important. Projects need to reduce climate risks without creating other environmental or economic costs.

Innovation and New Funding Models Could Unlock More Projects

McKinsey estimates that targeted action could make much more of the $690 billion opportunity ready for deployment.

Reducing costs through new technology and better project design could address the largest barrier. Better coordination and stronger incentives could also help governments, businesses, and households move ahead with projects.

New financing models are important, too. These could give lenders clearer ways to assess risks and help projects with broad public benefits attract private capital.

private action half of all adaptation costs

Governments can support this shift by improving policies and helping close affordability gaps. Companies can develop adaptation solutions and work with local partners. Banks and investors can create financing structures that make projects easier to fund.

A Large Opportunity, But Not a Guaranteed Market

McKinsey’s findings point to a growing need for climate-resilience solutions. Cooling, irrigation, flood protection, and stormwater management could all see greater demand as climate risks increase.

But the $460 billion figure is a potential annual opportunity, not a guaranteed market outcome. It covers 20 established measures and depends on projects remaining ready for deployment as conditions change.

The larger challenge is turning adaptation needs into projects that communities can afford, governments can deliver, and investors can finance. Without progress on these barriers, much of the protection needed by 2050 could remain out of reach, especially in lower-income regions.

Google Invests $160M in Malaysia Water Project Amid AI Data Center Boom

Google is investing US$160 million in shared water infrastructure in Malaysia’s Negeri Sembilan state. The investment will fund a new reservoir and water treatment plant to improve local water supplies, support future data center operations and help reduce flood risks.

The project comes as technology companies face growing pressure to manage the environmental impact of artificial intelligence (AI). Data centers need large amounts of electricity and water to run servers, process information and keep equipment cool. As a result, companies must find ways to expand their digital infrastructure without putting more pressure on local resources.

Google is developing a data center campus at Springhill Industrial Park in Port Dickson. Alongside this project, it is working with the Negeri Sembilan State Government and local water utility Syarikat Air Negeri Sembilan (SAINS) to build facilities that will also benefit nearby communities.

The investment is part of Google’s wider effort to improve resource efficiency as it expands its AI and cloud computing business.

Google’s $160M Water Project to Supply 65 Million Liters Daily

The project will include an off-river storage reservoir and a water treatment plant. Google has appointed Malaysian engineering company Gamuda Berhad to build both facilities in partnership with the state government and SAINS.

Once completed, the treatment plant will have the capacity to supply 65 million liters of clean drinking water every day. This will help meet demand from the upcoming data center campus while adding to the water available for households and businesses.

The reservoir will be built along the Linggi River. It will collect excess river water and rainfall during periods of heavy flow. The stored water can then be treated and supplied when rainfall and river levels fall.

The project has two main benefits:

  • Better water security: Additional storage and treatment capacity will help provide a more reliable water supply for local communities and businesses.
  • Lower flood risks: Capturing excess river water during periods of heavy rainfall could help reduce flooding in vulnerable areas.

Importantly, the facilities will become state-owned assets under Menteri Besar Negeri Sembilan (Incorporated), or MBINS, once completed.

Google said the investment supports its goal of replenishing 120% of the freshwater volume it consumes by 2030. The company also noted that its assessment did not identify local water sources as being at high risk of scarcity or depletion.

The project therefore goes beyond meeting the needs of a new data center. It aims to build shared infrastructure that can support both Google’s operations and the surrounding communities.

The PUE Factor of Google’s Data Centers

Water is only one part of the data center sustainability challenge. These facilities also consume large amounts of electricity to run servers and cooling systems.

Google says its planned Port Dickson campus is being designed to rank among its most energy-efficient data centers.

  • Its existing global facilities offer a look at the company’s progress. In 2025, Google’s data center fleet recorded an average power usage effectiveness (PUE) of 1.09.
google PUE
Source: Google

PUE measures how much electricity a data center uses compared with the power needed to run its computing equipment. A score closer to 1.0 means better efficiency because less energy goes toward cooling, lighting, and other supporting systems.

For comparison, the global average PUE was 1.54, according to the Uptime Institute’s 2025 Global Data Center Survey.

Google also reported that its data centers delivered more than three times the computing performance per unit of energy in 2025 compared with five years earlier. Improvements in hardware, software and its Tensor Processing Units (TPUs), which support AI workloads, helped drive these gains.

This matters as demand for AI computing continues to rise. More efficient chips and cooling systems allow data centers to handle more workloads while limiting the increase in energy use.

Sustainability Progress and Challenges

Google’s 2026 Environmental Report, released in June, provides a broader picture of its sustainability performance in 2025.

The report highlights progress in clean energy procurement, water replenishment and waste management. However, it also shows how the expansion of AI infrastructure is increasing the company’s environmental footprint.

Google signed agreements for more than 12 GW of new clean energy in 2025, marking its largest annual procurement to date. These agreements include power purchase agreements, energy storage and environmental attribute certificates.

The company also reported that improvements in hardware, software, computing efficiency and clean energy procurement helped avoid more than 58 million tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (COโ‚‚e).

data center emissions
Source: Google

Water management remains another major priority. Google replenished around 7.7 billion gallons of water in 2025, equal to approximately 78% of its freshwater consumption. Its efforts included 165 water stewardship projects across 97 watersheds.

The company aims to replenish 120% of the freshwater volume consumed across its offices and data centers, on average, by 2030.

water management data center
Source: Google

However, rising computing demand continues to create challenges. Google’s electricity consumption increased by 37% in 2025. Even so, it reduced operational emissions by 2% and matched 100% of its annual electricity consumption with renewable energy purchases for the ninth consecutive year.

Supply chain emissions moved in the opposite direction, rising by 25%. The increase reflects the materials and infrastructure needed to support Google’s growing operations, along with emissions linked to electricity use across parts of its supply chain.

These figures show that efficiency improvements alone cannot address the environmental impact of AI expansion. Google will also need more clean electricity, better water management and lower-carbon supply chains.

Malaysia Expansion Also Supports Renewable Energy and Jobs

Google’s investment in Malaysia extends beyond water infrastructure. The company is also working to increase renewable electricity supply and develop local skills.

It has partnered with groups led by Shizen Energy-Solarvest and TotalEnergies to bring more renewable power to Malaysia’s national grid. These partnerships use power purchase agreements (PPAs), which provide developers with long-term revenue commitments and help support new solar projects.

One example is a 29.99-megawatt solar project in Gurun, Kedah, developed by Solarvest with Shizen Energy and HSS Engineering.

Google has also committed to paying for all the electricity consumed by its upcoming data center campus, along with the direct infrastructure costs needed to connect it to the grid.

Meanwhile, its partnership with SOLS Foundation will support clean energy education and technical training.

Participating public schools are expected to receive solar and energy laboratories with 2.56-kilowatt-peak solar systems and battery storage. A separate 36-hour training program will help young people develop skills for jobs in solar installation, EV charging and energy system operations.

The programs are expected to begin in Negeri Sembilan in early 2027.

Can Google Make AI Expansion More Sustainable?

Google’s US$160 million investment highlights how data center growth is becoming closely linked to local water and energy infrastructure.

The new reservoir and treatment plant could improve water security while supporting the company’s future operations. Its renewable energy partnerships and training programs could also bring wider benefits to Malaysia.

However, the company’s rising electricity use and supply chain emissions show that significant challenges remain.

As AI demand grows, Google must continue improving data center efficiency while securing more clean power and reducing pressure on natural resources. The Negeri Sembilan project is one step toward that goal, but its long-term impact will depend on how well the company manages the environmental costs of its expanding digital infrastructure.

Oil, Gas or Renewables? TotalEnergies Unveils 3 Scenarios That Could Transform Energy Markets by 2060

The global energy transition is accelerating, but fossil fuels won’t disappear anytime soon. Renewable energy is expanding, battery costs are falling, and electric vehicles are changing transportation. At the same time, artificial intelligence (AI), data centers, and industrial growth are creating a new wave of electricity demand.

This changing landscape raises an important question: How quickly can the world move toward cleaner energy without compromising affordability and energy security?

TotalEnergies explores this challenge in its Energy Outlook 2026, which examines the future of global energy through 2060. The report presents three possible pathways based on different levels of climate action, technological progress, and government policies.

Its findings point to a complicated energy transition. Renewables and electricity will gain a larger share of the market, but oil and natural gas will continue to support global energy demand. Meanwhile, carbon capture, sustainable fuels and battery storage could become increasingly important investment opportunities.

Global Energy Demand Is Rising. Can Emissions Keep Up?

The global economy needs more energy as populations grow, industries expand, and developing countries increase electricity access. However, energy consumption is not growing as quickly as economic output.

Between 2000 and 2025, global GDP increased by an average of 3.4% annually, while energy demand grew by 1.9% per year. Renewable energy supply also expanded, growing by an average of 3% per year.

This suggests that economies are gradually becoming more energy-efficient while adding cleaner sources to their energy mix.

  • However, the emissions challenge remains significant. TotalEnergies estimates that energy-related carbon dioxide emissions increased from approximately 33 gigatons in 2015 to 36 gigatons in 2025. Although the pace of growth has slowed, emissions have yet to enter a sustained decline.
emissions
Source: TotalEnergies

Emerging economies are playing a bigger role in this trend. China, India and other developing regions now account for almost two-thirds of global energy demand, compared with less than half in 2000.

Their energy choices will have a major influence on future emissions. Expanding renewable power, improving efficiency and developing cleaner industrial processes will be essential to meeting growing demand without locking in higher emissions.

Battery Costs Fall as the Clean Energy Race Accelerates

Investment in low-carbon energy is reshaping the global power sector. Governments and businesses are putting more money into renewable generation, electricity networks, energy storage and electric mobility.

Battery storage is emerging as one of the biggest developments.

According to TotalEnergies:

  • Battery pack prices fell 45% year over year to approximately $70 per kilowatt-hour in 2025. Lower costs make battery energy storage systems (BESS) more attractive for utilities and renewable energy developers.
  • Global cumulative installed Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) capacity reached approximately 621 GWh in 2025.

The technology also addresses a major weakness of solar and wind power: their output changes with weather conditions and time of day.

Batteries can store excess electricity when renewable generation is high and release it when demand increases. This makes renewable power more useful and helps electricity networks manage supply fluctuations.

battery costs
Source: TotalEnergies

Other developments accelerating the transition include:

  • Lower battery prices improving the economics of energy storage.
  • Growing electric vehicle adoption reducing dependence on conventional transport fuels.
  • More investment in electricity grids to accommodate rising power demand.
  • Greater interest in solar, nuclear, geothermal and biofuels to strengthen domestic energy supplies.

China remains a major driver of this transformation, supported by its large clean technology manufacturing base and growing domestic market.

TotalEnergies Maps Three Possible Energy Futures Through 2060

The most important part of the outlook is its three long-term scenarios: Trends, Momentum and Rupture. Each explores how the global energy mix could change under different climate policies and investment conditions.

Trends: A slower energy transition

This scenario assumes that existing policies and technology developments largely continue. Renewables expand, but fossil fuels remain important in the global energy mix. Coal gradually loses ground, while oil and natural gas continue supporting transport, industry and power generation.

Momentum: Climate action gathers pace

This pathway assumes stronger government action and faster deployment of low-carbon technologies. OECD countries reach carbon neutrality by 2050, while China accelerates progress toward its 2060 net-zero target. Emerging economies also increase their investment in cleaner energy.

Rupture: A faster shift toward a low-carbon economy

This is the most ambitious scenario. It assumes stronger international cooperation, faster electrification, and substantial investment in clean technologies. These changes help limit global warming to below 2ยฐC.

The projected temperature outcomes highlight how different these pathways could be:

The gap between the scenarios shows how much faster the world needs to move to achieve its climate goals. Even the Momentum pathway falls short of limiting warming to 2ยฐC.

The Rupture scenario would require major changes across electricity, transport, aviation, heavy industry and manufacturing.

electricity demand outlook

AI and Data Centers will Push Electricity Demand to New Highs

Electricity is becoming the centre of the global energy transition. The rapid expansion of AI, data centers, electric vehicles and industrial electrification is creating additional demand for reliable power.

  • TotalEnergies’ Trends scenario projects global electricity consumption to increase from approximately 31,900 terawatt-hours (TWh) in 2025 to 43,400 TWh by 2035. By 2060, demand could reach 73,300 TWh.

electricity demand

Data centers are an important part of this growth, but they are not the only driver. Cooling systems and transportation will also contribute significantly to rising electricity consumption.

This creates a substantial opportunity for renewable power developers, battery manufacturers, grid operators and electricity infrastructure companies.

However, adding renewable capacity alone will not solve the problem. Countries will also need stronger transmission networks, energy storage and flexible power generation to keep electricity supplies stable.

The United States is one example. After more than 15 years of relatively stable electricity consumption, demand is expected to accelerate as data centers and industrial facilities expand.

Oil and Gas Aren’t Going Away Just Yet

Despite the rapid growth of renewable energy and electric vehicles, the report does not expect fossil fuels to disappear quickly.

Under the Trends scenario, oil demand changes gradually as electric vehicles and biofuels reduce consumption in road transportation. However, aviation, petrochemicals, and industrial applications will continue supporting demand.

Supply is another important consideration. Existing oil fields naturally lose production over time. As a result, companies will need continued investment to maintain output, even if global consumption eventually declines.

Natural gas has a different outlook. TotalEnergies expects global gas demand to continue growing until the 2040s before reaching a plateau.

Emerging markets, including India, China, Southeast Asia and the Middle East, will support this growth. Industrial development and electricity generation will remain important sources of demand.

This suggests that the energy transition will involve a gradual shift in the global fuel mix rather than an immediate replacement of conventional energy sources.

Carbon Capture and Sustainable Fuels Could Open New Markets

Renewables and electrification cannot address every emissions challenge. Industries such as aviation, shipping, chemicals and heavy manufacturing still face significant barriers to reducing their carbon footprints.

This is where carbon capture and storage (CCS), sustainable aviation fuels, biofuels and other low-carbon technologies could play a bigger role.

TotalEnergies’ scenarios highlight the potential for carbon capture to expand substantially over the coming decades.

Under the Rupture scenario, annual carbon capture capacity could reach approximately 4.3 gigatons by 2060, compared with around 2 gigatons under the Trends pathway.

Sustainable aviation fuels could also gain significant market share. Under the Rupture scenario, biofuels and synthetic e-fuels could collectively meet around 66% of aviation fuel demand by 2060.

These projections point to potential opportunities for carbon removal developers, CCS operators, low-carbon fuel producers and companies providing industrial decarbonization solutions.

However, the scale of deployment will depend on project economics, supportive policies, infrastructure development and access to capital.

The Investment Opportunity: Energy Transition Is Bigger Than Renewables

TotalEnergies’ Energy Outlook 2026 shows that the global energy transition will create opportunities across several industries, not just renewable power.

Battery storage, electricity grids, solar, wind and electric mobility could benefit from rising electrification. Natural gas and LNG may remain important as countries look for reliable and affordable energy supplies.

Carbon capture, sustainable fuels and industrial decarbonization could also attract investment as companies work toward lower-emission operations.

The biggest challenge will be financing this transformation while maintaining reliable energy supplies and controlling costs.

For investors, the report offers an important takeaway: the energy transition is not simply a contest between fossil fuels and renewables. It is a broader restructuring of the global energy system, creating opportunities for companies that can deliver affordable, reliable and increasingly low-carbon energy.

Verra’s VM0052 Wins ICVCM Approval to Boost Coal Retirement Carbon Credits

Verra has received the first ICVCM approval for a methodology covering early coal plant retirement. Its VM0052 Version 1.1 allows eligible transition credits to carry the Core Carbon Principles (CCP) label, marking a major step for carbon finance and the energy transition.

Furthermore, this development could attract more investors and carbon credit buyers to projects that speed up coal plant closures. These projects aim to replace coal-fired electricity with renewable energy while supporting workers and communities affected by plant shutdowns.

The CCP label also gives these transition credits a recognized quality benchmark in the voluntary carbon market. This recognition could build buyer confidence and encourage more companies to invest in projects that help phase out coal.

How Verra’s VM0052 Methodology Works

Coal-fired power plants remain a major source of global greenhouse gas emissions. However, shutting them down before the end of their operating lives can create financial and energy security challenges, particularly in emerging economies.

Many plants still have years of operation ahead. Owners may lose electricity revenue, while workers, contractors, local businesses, and communities may face significant economic disruption.

Verra developed VM0052 to address these challenges through carbon finance. The methodology allows eligible projects to generate Verified Carbon Units (VCUs) for emissions reductions achieved by retiring operating coal-fired power plants earlier than planned and replacing their electricity generation with renewable energy.

The methodology does not simply reward a plant for closing. Project developers must demonstrate that the retirement would not have happened at the same time without the project. They must also account for electricity generation that replaces the retired coal capacity.

  • This distinction is important because shutting down one coal plant does not automatically reduce emissions if other fossil fuel facilities increase their electricity production to fill the gap.

Mandy Rambharos, CEO of Verra, says:

“Coal remains the single largest source of energy-related emissions, and many coal-fired power plants in emerging economies are less than 15 years old, with decades of operating life ahead. Retiring them early is difficult given the remaining life, but it is also one of the largest emission reduction opportunities available. It requires finance that can compensate for lost revenue, fund replacement clean power, and protect the people whose livelihoods depend on the plants. With the ICVCMโ€™s approval, project developers, investors, and buyers will have Verra-issued transition credits that meet the market’s highest integrity benchmark and that can generate this finance.โ€

Key Eligibility Rules Under VM0052

Version 1.1, published on October 30, 2026, sets specific conditions for coal retirement projects seeking carbon credits.

For example, eligible coal-fired power plants must meet several requirements:

  • Construction must have started before December 31, 2021. This prevents developers from building new coal plants with the expectation of receiving carbon finance for early retirement.
  • The plant must have a long-term power purchase agreement (PPA) of at least 20 years, signed before December 31, 2023.
  • The plant must have generated positive annual net income after tax during the previous three years and demonstrate positive fair value.
  • It must also show positive electricity generation over the previous five years.

These conditions help ensure that the methodology supports the early closure of operating coal assets rather than plants that are already financially unviable or close to retirement.

The methodology also requires project developers to demonstrate that the retirement is additional. In simple terms, the plant must close earlier than it would have under normal technical, economic, or regulatory conditions.

Verra uses a separate module, VMD0060, to assess the baseline retirement date and additionality of each project.

Here’s the summary of Verra’s methodology:

verra

Renewable Energy Must Replace Coal Power

Another important requirement is the replacement of lost coal-based electricity with new renewable generation.

Under VM0052, project developers must prepare a renewable electricity pairing plan. The new facilities must export electricity to the grid and collectively provide enough annual generation to replace 100% of the retired coal plant’s annual electricity output by the end of the crediting period, based on a P90 generation estimate, or meet the quantity required by the system operator.

Eligible replacement technologies include:

  • Solar power, with or without battery energy storage systems (BESS)
  • Onshore and offshore wind
  • Small hydropower, limited to 15 MW of net output capacity for individual plants
  • Geothermal energy
  • Tidal and wave power
  • Eligible biogas and waste-to-energy facilities

The methodology also allows four ways to connect renewable energy development with coal retirement: contractual, financial, on-site, and regulatory pairing.

For example, a utility could revise a coal plant’s power purchase agreement to include new renewable electricity capacity. Alternatively, refinancing arrangements could require investment in renewable generation as a condition for retiring the coal facility.

These requirements help ensure that coal retirement leads to a cleaner electricity supply rather than shifting emissions elsewhere in the grid.

coal
Source: IEA

Just Transition Plans Protect Workers and Communities

VM0052 also places social safeguards at the center of the carbon crediting process.

Every project must develop and implement a comprehensive just transition plan under Verra’s VMD0061 module. The plan must address potential job losses, household income disruptions, and the wider economic impact on communities that depend on coal-fired power plants.

Importantly, the plan must be fully funded from sources other than VCU sales revenue. This means project developers cannot rely solely on future carbon credit sales to finance worker and community support.

The methodology also requires ongoing monitoring of stakeholder engagement, livelihood protection, financial transactions, and the implementation of transition measures.

These safeguards could help address one of the biggest challenges in coal phaseouts: ensuring that climate action does not leave workers and local economies behind.

Stronger Monitoring and Carbon Accounting Under Version 1.1

The updated methodology introduces more detailed requirements for calculating emissions reductions and monitoring project performance.

Project developers must account for baseline emissions from the coal plant, emissions from replacement electricity, and potential leakage from other power plants that increase generation after the coal facility closes.

For instance, if gas-fired power plants supply electricity that the retired coal facility previously generated, the methodology requires developers to account for associated emissions, including upstream methane leakage where applicable.

  • Version 1.1 also strengthens monitoring requirements. Developers must track renewable energy generation milestones and notify Verra and the system operator within 60 days if a milestone is at risk or missed.

Carbon credit issuance can be paused when renewable generation targets are not met. The methodology also requires proper decommissioning of major coal equipment and the start of site cleanup, including the safe disposal of coal ash and hazardous materials.

Projects must also prevent double counting of renewable electricity benefits under other carbon crediting or environmental attribute programs.

What the ICVCM Approval Means for Carbon Markets

The ICVCM approval gives eligible VM0052 credits access to the CCP label, potentially making them more attractive to corporate buyers and investors seeking higher-integrity climate finance opportunities.

The development could also expand the role of voluntary carbon markets beyond conventional emissions reduction and removal projects. Transition credits offer a financing mechanism for tackling emissions from existing fossil fuel infrastructure, where early retirement can be difficult without additional financial support.

verra

  • However, the approval does not mean that every coal retirement project automatically qualifies for CCP-labelled credits. Individual projects must still meet VM0052 requirements, undergo validation and verification, and comply with Verra’s VCS Program rules.

The methodology also includes safeguards against carbon lock-in. Project proponents and relevant host countries must maintain commitments against building new coal plants or expanding existing coal capacity.

Ultimately, VM0052 creates a framework for connecting carbon finance with a more challenging part of the energy transition: retiring existing coal assets while maintaining reliable electricity supplies and protecting affected communities.

Overall, the ICVCM recognition could help Verra attract private investment for early coal retirement and renewable energy projects. However, the key challenge will be delivering real emissions cuts while protecting energy security and supporting affected communities.

Gabon Sells 6 Million CORSIA-Eligible Forest Carbon Credits to Germanyโ€™s SEFE

Gabon has agreed to sell around 6 million forest carbon credits to SEFE, a German state-owned energy company. The deal marks a major step in the country’s efforts to earn revenue from protecting its forests and could open the door to more international sales of sovereign carbon credits.

The Gabonese Republic, represented by the Gabonese Agency for the Development of the Green Economy (AGADEV), and SEFE, formerly known as Securing Energy for Europe, signed the agreements on November 3, 2026.

The deal covers about 6 million metric tons of carbon dioxide (COโ‚‚). The credits are certified under the ART-TREES standard and are eligible for the aviation sector’s Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA). Deliveries are expected by the first quarter of 2027.

The agreement marks a major commercial step, but the final financial value remains unknown as the parties have not disclosed the sale price or expected revenue. The official note cited by state news agency AGP said:

“This signing embodies an ambition: to make Gabon’s natural wealth a lever for sovereignty, prosperity and climate responsibility. It constitutes a first step towards new transactions for the benefit of the national economy.”

Gabon Turns Forest Protection Into Carbon Market Revenue

The transaction is based on carbon credits generated through the protection of Gabon’s forests. Sovereign or jurisdictional credits differ from project-specific credits. They are granted for emissions reductions measured over a country or large area.

This approach allows governments to earn revenue from national efforts to reduce deforestation and forest degradation. It can also support wider forest protection policies rather than relying on separate projects in specific locations.

Gabon says it is the first African country to sell sovereign forest carbon credits eligible for CORSIA. The government has also stressed that the deal does not involve selling land or forests. Their ownership and management will remain with the Gabonese state.

SEFE is wholly owned by the German federal government. The company operates across the energy supply chain, including gas and power trading, sales, transport, and storage. It supplies more than 200 terawatt-hours of gas and power each year, according to its company profile.

Why Gabon’s Forests Matter to the Carbon Market

Gabon has one of the world’s most forested national territories. World Bank data sourced from the Food and Agriculture Organization show that forests covered 91.4% of the country’s land area in 2024.

Forest Area by African country, Africa API

The country’s forests form part of the Congo Basin, the world’s second-largest tropical forest region after the Amazon. They store large amounts of carbon, support biodiversity, and provide resources and livelihoods for local communities.

The World Bank’s 2025 Gabon Economic Update found that in 2020, the value of Gabon’s forest ecosystem services hit $75.1 billion. This amount is almost twice what it was in 2000. About 99% of that value came from carbon retention.

  • The report also estimated that Gabon’s forests retained the equivalent of 29.8 billion metric tons of COโ‚‚ in 2020.

Despite this value, Gabon has struggled to receive enough financial support for protecting its forests. The World Bank has called for stronger financing mechanisms to compensate countries for the climate benefits their forests provide.

Gabon forest ecosystem asset value world bank
Source: World Bank

The carbon credit sale could help address that gap by giving the government a way to earn money from verified forest protection results.

How Sovereign Forest Credits Work

Sovereign carbon credits are generated from emissions reductions measured across a country or large administrative area. They are different from project-based credits, which come from activities like protecting a specific forest, restoring degraded land, or planting trees.

Under a jurisdictional approach, governments measure changes in forest-related emissions against an agreed reference level. They can then issue credits for verified reductions below that level.

One standard used for this type of crediting is the REDD+ Environmental Excellence Standard (TREES). The Architecture for REDD+ Transactions (ART) manages it and sets rules for measuring, monitoring, reporting, and verifying forest emissions reductions.

TREES needs independent checks and safeguards for people and the environment. It must also address risks like deforestation moving to new areas or forests losing stored carbon later. Credits are recorded as serialized units on a public registry.

These rules are crucial because forest carbon credits face questions about whether claimed emissions reductions are real and lasting. Buyers also need confidence that the same reductions are not counted more than once.

How Large is the Market?

Market reports often mix sovereign forest credits with other voluntary carbon credits. The wider carbon credit market remained active in 2025, but buyers became more selective about credit quality.

According to MSCI, projects across 18 major carbon credit registries issued 294 million metric tons of credits in 2025. This brought cumulative issuance across the registries to more than 2.6 billion credits since 2016.

The primary carbon credit market was worth about $1.4 billion in 2025, remaining broadly stable for a fourth consecutive year. Global credit retirements also increased by 3%, reaching their highest level since 2021, per MSCI data.

carbon credit issued by project MSCI 2025
Source: MSCI

The World Bank reported that total issuance across independent and government-run crediting mechanisms reached 432 million credits in 2025, up 8% from 2024. Government-run mechanisms recorded particularly strong growth, with issuance rising nearly 40% to 53 million credits.

Registry data provide another view of the jurisdictional market. As of June 1, 2026, ART TREES had recorded about 59 million credits issued and 13 million retired across its listed projects. This is a cumulative figure for the ART program, not the amount traded in 2025 or the volume of sovereign forest credits sold in a single year.

CORSIA Eligibility Could Open Access to Aviation Buyers

The deal also highlights the role of CORSIA in creating demand for forest carbon credits. CORSIA is a global scheme established by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) to address the growth of international aviation emissions. It requires covered airlines to meet their offsetting obligations by cancelling eligible emissions units.

ICAO approves crediting programs that meet its eligibility rules. The approved programs and eligible periods are listed in its official documents.

Gabon says the credits in its agreement with SEFE qualify for the scheme. This could attract buyers looking for units for aviation compliance. However, the agreement doesnโ€™t confirm that SEFE will use the credits for this purpose.

CORSIA eligibility can widen the potential buyer base, but it does not guarantee demand, a particular price, or future sales.

Revenue Sharing and Community Benefits Remain Key

The financial details of the deal remain undisclosed. Gabon’s government said the state’s share of the revenue will be held in a dedicated account until the national regulatory framework takes effect. That framework will include a benefit-sharing mechanism for communities.

  • However, the government has not yet provided details on how much revenue will go to local communities, who will qualify, or how payments will be managed.

These details are important because communities and Indigenous groups play an important role in protecting forest areas. Their land rights, access to resources, and livelihoods must be considered when governments earn revenue from forest carbon.

ย Gabonโ€™s Forest Carbon Deal Infographic

Gabonese environmental group Brainforest has called for transparency on prices and revenue management, fair benefit-sharing, and respect for community rights. These safeguards will help determine whether the deal delivers benefits beyond government revenue.

Gabon Deal Could Set a Path for Sovereign Forest Credits

Gabonโ€™s agreement with SEFE could help create a wider market for sovereign forest carbon credits in Africa and other forest-rich countries. It offers a way to reward governments for protecting large forest areas and supporting national climate goals.

But the deal’s long-term impact will depend on more than the 6 million tonnes covered by the agreement. Buyers and communities will also need clear information on credit quality, delivery, pricing, and how revenue is shared.

For Gabon, the next steps include delivering the credits, putting its benefit-sharing rules into practice, and showing that forest protection continues. If done openly, this transaction could show how forest conservation can fund climate efforts.

TPG Secures $10.4 Billion for Climate Investments Across Global Markets

Global investment firm TPG has raised $10.4 billion in commitments for its climate-focused funds and related investment vehicles, including $2.5 billion for its Global South Initiative. The funding will support investments in climate solutions such as clean energy, sustainable fuels, industrial emissions cuts, and carbon removal.

TPG announced the final close of its second Rise Climate fund and the Global South Initiative on October 30, 2026. Together, the funds raised 44% more than TPG’s first Rise Climate fund, which closed at $7.3 billion in 2022.

The Global South Initiative aims to bring more private investment into emerging markets. Many projects in these regions face high borrowing costs and limited access to funding. TPG hopes to attract large investors to climate projects and businesses in these markets.

The fundraising comes as countries seek more money to expand clean energy, cut industrial emissions, and prepare for climate risks. However, raising capital is only the first step. The real test will be how the money is invested and whether it delivers measurable climate benefits.

TPG Closes $10.4 Billion Climate Fundraising Round

TPG confirmed the final close in its third-quarter 2026 earnings update. The $10.4 billion covers commitments across TPG Rise Climate II, the Global South Initiative, and related investment vehicles.

Jon Winkelried, Chief Executive Officer, TPG, said during the earnings call:

“We held a final close for our second Rise Climate fund and the Global South Initiative, bringing aggregate commitments to $10.4 billion across the two funds and related vehicles. This highly successful outcome represents a 44% increase over our inaugural fund and further validates TPGโ€™s leadership in the climate sector.”

He added that 31% of the commitments came from investors new to TPG. This shows continued interest in its climate investment strategies.

TPG launched its first Rise Climate fund in 2021 and closed it in 2022 with $7.3 billion. It launched its second fund in 2023, along with plans to expand climate investment in emerging markets. The latest funds will support companies and projects working on climate solutions. The company focuses on areas such as:

  • clean electricity,
  • electrification,
  • sustainable fuels,
  • low-carbon materials, and
  • carbon removal.

Notably, the $10.4 billion does not represent money already spent on projects. These are investment commitments that TPG can deploy over time, based on each fund’s terms and strategy.

TPG Rise impact at a glance
Source: TPG Rise

Global South Initiative Reaches Its $2.5 Billion Target

The Global South Initiative seeks to boost private investment in climate projects. It focuses on emerging markets in Asia, Africa, the Middle East, and Latin America.

TPG announced the initiative with UAE-backed climate investment platform ALTร‰RRA at the COP28 climate conference in December 2023. Its goal is to attract large investors by making climate projects in emerging markets more appealing.

ALTร‰RRA initially committed up to $500 million in catalytic capital through its Transformation Fund. This type of funding can help lower investment risks and encourage other investors to provide capital. TPG also planned to invest about $1 billion from Rise Climate II in projects alongside the initiative.

The Global South Initiative has now reached its $2.5 billion target in commitments. This is crucial because climate projects in emerging markets often face financial barriers. High borrowing costs, policy uncertainty, currency risks, and project development costs can make investors more cautious.

Catalytic capital can help address some of these problems. It can take on a different level of risk or offer different returns from other investments, making it easier to attract more private funding. However, this approach does not remove all risks. Projects still need strong business plans, reliable developers, and clear evidence of their expected climate benefits.

Where Will the Climate Investment Go?

TPG Rise Climate focuses on three main areas: clean electrons, clean molecules and materials, and negative emissions.

  • Clean electrons include renewable power, electricity grids, and the shift from fossil fuels to electric systems. Investments in these areas can help expand clean power and reduce emissions from businesses and industries.
  • Clean molecules and materials include sustainable fuels and lower-carbon building materials. These solutions can cut emissions in areas where using electricity is tough or where fossil fuels are still a big part of production.
  • Negative emissions and carbon solutions include carbon markets, environmental commodities, and carbon removal. These investments may support projects and technologies that remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere or help build markets for climate-related assets.

All three areas matter because the shift to a lower-carbon economy requires more than renewable energy. Heavy industry, transport, buildings, and other sectors also need ways to cut emissions.

However, not all climate investments deliver the same results. Some projects may reduce emissions directly, while others support technologies or infrastructure that may deliver benefits later. Tracking these results is important when measuring the funds’ climate impact.

TPGโ€™s $10.4 Billion Climate Push

Why the Global South Needs More Climate Investment

Emerging markets need large investments to expand energy access, improve infrastructure, and prepare for climate change. Yet, many projects struggle to attract private investors. High financing costs and concerns about risk can slow the growth of renewable energy, cleaner industrial systems, and climate-resilient infrastructure.

Private investment can help fill part of this funding gap. Initiatives such as TPG’s Global South fund aim to connect large investors with companies and projects that support climate goals.

The initiative’s structure is also designed to attract more capital beyond its original backers. ALTร‰RRA aimed to boost private investment, not cover the whole strategy.

Still, private funds cannot meet every climate-finance need. Public funding, development banks, grants, and low-cost loans are still key. They are crucial for projects that benefit the public, even if they donโ€™t promise high profits.

Climate finance will therefore depend on how well public and private funding work together and whether the money reaches projects that need it most.

Carbon Markets and Carbon Removal Could Benefit

TPG’s investment strategy includes environmental commodities, carbon markets, and carbon removal. These areas could create opportunities for companies that measure, reduce, or remove greenhouse gas emissions.

Carbon markets are growing. The World Bank’s State and Trends of Carbon Pricing 2026 report found that 87 carbon-pricing policies covered 29% of global greenhouse gas emissions. Governments raised more than $107 billion from carbon taxes and emissions trading systems in 2025.

  • The report also found that carbon credit issuance increased by 8% from 2024 to 2025. These figures show the growing role of carbon pricing and crediting in climate policy and finance.
Source: World Bank

Carbon removal projects take carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere and store it. They can use natural methods, engineered technologies, or both.

Private investment can help these projects grow from early development to larger operations. It can also support companies that provide the technology and services needed to build carbon markets.

However, the value of carbon credits depends on their quality. Buyers and investors need reliable proof that claimed emissions reductions or removals are real, measurable, and properly recorded. For carbon removal projects, how long the carbon stays stored is also important.

TPG’s interest in carbon markets does not mean it will invest in every type of project or generate a specific volume of carbon credits. Its actual investments and the results of those projects will show how much the funds contribute to the market.

Turning Investment Commitments Into Climate Results

TPG’s $10.4 billion fundraising result shows the role private investment can play in growing climate solutions. The $2.5 billion Global South Initiative aims to boost funding for emerging markets, which often face barriers that slow down climate projects.

To assess the funds’ results, investors will need information on where the money goes and what those investments achieve. Useful measures include emissions avoided, renewable power added, industrial emissions reduced, and carbon removed and stored.

For emerging markets, another important question is whether these investments help build local skills and attract more funding over time. Projects need to make financial sense while also delivering clear environmental benefits.

TPG’s latest fundraising provides more capital for climate-focused investments. The next test is whether that money reaches the right projects and helps deliver measurable climate results.